Blood based hybrid nanofluid flow together with electromagnetic field and couple stresses

Abstract

In this investigation, heat transportation together with irreversibility analysis for the flow of couple stress hybrid nanofluid past over a stretching surface is considered. The innovative characteristics and aims of this work are to note that the transportation heat couple stress model involves EMHD, viscous dissipation, Joule heating, and heat absorption, and omission. The hybrid nanofluid is prepared due to the suspension of the solid nanoparticles of the SWCNTs and MWCNTs in pure human blood. This mathematical model is an appropriate model for biological advantages including testing of human blood for drug deliveries to various parts of the human body. Particularly, the Prandtl number used for the blood is 21 and very large as compared to the other base fluids. Necessary modifications are used to translate the defining partial differential equations and boundary conditions into a layout that can be computed. To obtain mathematical approximations for the resulting scheme of nonlinear differential equations, the innovative homotopy analysis method (HAM) is used. The explanation for velocity, energy, and entropy are exposed and the flow against various influential factors ($$E,\;M,\;k,\;Q,\;S\;{\text{and}}\;Ec$$ E , M , k , Q , S and E c ) is discussed graphically. The numerical values are calculated and summarized for dimensionless $$C_{{fx}} \;{\text{and}}\;Nu_{x} .$$ C fx and N u x . In addition, the current study is compared for various values of $$\Pr$$ Pr to that published literature and an impressive agreement in terms of finding is reported. It has also been noticed that the $$M$$ M and $$E$$ E factors retard the hybrid nanofluid flow, while the temperature of fluid becomes upsurges by the rise in these factors. 11.95% enhancement in the heat transfer rate has been attained using the hybrid nanofluids.

Soret and Dufour effects on unsteady MHD second-grade nanofluid flow across an exponentially stretching surface

“…The following similarity transformations are illustrated for the governing Eqs. ( 1 )–( 4 ) with the constraints ( 5 ) in a much simple way 59 . Where the stream function can be specified as while the similarity variable is …”

Convective Heat Transport in Bidirectional Water Driven Hybrid Nanofluid Using Blade Shaped Cadmium Telluride and Graphite Nanoparticles under Electromagnetohydrodynamics Process

“…Figure 1 describes the graphical abstract of the present investigation. e boundary-layer balances of mass, momentum, and energy with the electromagnetohydrodynamics process are conveyed as follows (References [4,5,41]):…”

“…Here, it is perceived that the electric field is observed to be dominant over the magnetic field, and nonlinear thermal radiation aggregates the temperature profile. Saeed et al [5] explored the hybrid-class nanofluid flow over a stretchy obstacle by considering a couple of stress nanofluid with solid materials of CNTs under the thermal link of Newtonian heating and viscous-dissipation. Here, the hybrid-class nanofluid is organized due to the deferment of solid tiny-particles i.e., SWCNTs and MWCNTs in pure blood with the function of EMHD.…”

Entropy generation on Casson hybrid nanofluid over a curved stretching sheet with convective boundary condition: Semi-analytical and numerical simulations

“…Casson fluid includes chili sauce, honey, blood, and jelly. The study used a two-fold diffusion Catteneo-Christov heat flux model to investigate mass heat transport in a liquid mixture, along with a curved stretching channel used to discharge Casson nanofluid by Zehra et al 11 A quantitative study of flow and heat transfer of Casson fluid model on blood-based ( Fe 3 O 4 ) and CoFe 2 O 4 Ferro particle suspension via a stretched sheet discussed by Saeed et al 12 Focuses on MHD Casson fluid flow across a curved stretched sheet with convective heat and mass flux boundary conditions, taking into account chemical reactions and exponential space-dependent heat sources was presented by Nagaraja and Gireesha. 13 The hybrid nanofluid was eventually discussed by many researchers.…”