Blood, Blood Components, Plasma, and Plasma Products

Opsha, Yekaterina; Brophy, Alison

doi:10.1016/bs.seda.2015.05.003

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…In another study, the cut-point value for the NLR was 2.56. Neutrophils are the most frequent (40% to 75%) type of white blood cells in mammals, and a crucial part of the innate immune system [22][23][24] . There is evidence for a detrimental role of neutrophils during tumour progression, but there is also solid evidence of an anticancer effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and breast cancer risk: analysis by subtype and potential interactions

Gago‐Dominguez

Matabuena

Redondo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Multiple studies have found the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (nLR) to be associated with adverse breast cancer (BC) prognosis and survival. Very limited data exist on the role of NLR and risk of BC. The BREOGAN study is a population-based case-control study conducted in Galicia, Spain. We examined the WBC-and NLR-BC relationships. The risk of BC increased with increasing levels of neutrophils percentage (NE%) (multivariable OR for the highest category (95% CI) = 2.14 (1.39-3.32), P-trend < 0.001) and of the NLR (multivariable OR for the highest category (95% CI) = 1.93 (1.26-2.97), P-trend < 0.001). Lymphocytes absolute (L#) and percentage (L%) were associated with a decreased risk of BC (multivariable OR for the highest category (95% CI) = 0.54 (0.35-0.83), and 0.51 (0.33-0.79), P-trend = 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively). The NLR-BC association was more pronounced among Luminal A BC (multivariable OR for the highest category (95% CI) = 2.00 (1.17-3.45), P-trend < 0.001), HER2-negative BC (multivariable OR for the highest category (95% CI) = 1.87 (1.16-3.02), P-trend < 0.001), and those with high total cholesterol and low H 2 o 2 levels. In 2018, 32,825 new breast cancer cases were diagnosed in Spain, representing 12% of all cancer cases, and 29% of all cancers in women 1. It was responsible for 6,421 deaths (6% of all cancer deaths). Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in Spain and ranks the fourth in cancer-related mortality. There has been a 30% increase in breast cancer incidence between 2012 and 2018 1. High concentration of blood neutrophils is seen in patients with advanced cancer and are associated with poor survival 2,3. Similarly, there is abundant evidence for an adverse prognostic value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on breast cancer. Multiple studies have shown that higher NLR was associated with poorer survival 4-9 , and a recent meta-analysis found that higher NLR was associated with both worse disease-free survival and overall survival 6. Several previous studies have found that higher NLR was also associated with more advanced or aggressive breast cancer 3,7,10,11. For this reason, the ratios between neutrophils in blood and other leukocytes, as the NLR, have been suggested as a prognostic value in cancer 3,12,13. NLR is higher in patients with more advanced cancers 10 , and correlates with poor survival in many cancers 14,15. Thus, NLR, a simple and inexpensive biomarker, has been introduced as a significant prognostic factor in many tumour types 3. However, it has not been accepted in many clinical settings since neutrophilia can be also the result of elevated granulopoiesis and, therefore, may not be an adverse sign for cancer progression 3. Another reason is that neutrophilia is associated with poor clinical outcome in all cancers except one, stomach cancer, in which a high NLR is a marker of good prognosis 3,16. However, the evidence for a

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and breast cancer risk: analysis by subtype and potential interactions

Gago‐Dominguez

Matabuena

Redondo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Neutrophils are the predominant type of leukocyte in mammals and play a crucial role in anticancer responses in the human body [7][8][9]. Activated neutrophils have been shown to inhibit tumor cells both in vitro [10] and in vivo [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, lymphocytes are not the only immune cells that infiltrate the tumor microenvironment. Neutrophils are the most common type of leukocyte in mammals and are essential in the innate immune system and anti-cancer responses [7][8][9]. Previous studies reported that activated neutrophils suppressed cancer cells in vitro [10] and in vivo [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic impact of tumor-associated neutrophils in breast cancer

Kakumoto

2024

Int J Clin Exp Pathol

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Objectives: Neutrophils are the most common type of leukocyte in mammals and play an essential role in the innate immune system and anti-cancer responses. However, recent studies identified the presence of tumorassociated neutrophils (TANs) as a poor prognostic factor. The present study investigated whether relationships exist between TANs and the clinicopathological factors and genetic status of breast cancer. Methods: A total of 196 breast cancer patients with sufficient biopsy, breast-conserving surgery, or mastectomy specimens between 2014 and 2021 in Hokuto Hospital were included. Results: TANs were individually counted in the tumor stroma (TS) and tumor nest (TN). A higher density of TANs in both TS and TN correlated with tumor size (TS P = 0.010; TN P = 0.001), a high histological grade (TS P < 0.001; TN P < 0.001), the histological type (TS P = 0.009; TN P = 0.034), a high ratio of lymph node metastasis (TS P < 0.001; TN P < 0.001), an advanced stage of cancer (TS P < 0.001; TN P = 0.002), intrinsic subtypes (TS P < 0.001; TN P < 0.001), ERBB2 (TS P < 0.001; TN P < 0.001), MAP3K1 (TS P = 0.002; TN P = 0.023), and TP53 (TS P < 0.001; TN P < 0.001). A higher density of TANs in TS and TN also correlated with shorter disease-free survival and overall survival (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The present results suggest that a higher density of TANs correlates with unfavorable prognostic factors in breast cancer. Further research on clinicopathological and genetic factors associated with TANs in breast cancer is needed.

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“…Therefore, it is of great importance to control the bioavailability of S-nitrosothiols, which play a significant role in mediating NO bioactivity [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Human plasma, which is rich in proteins, enzymes, and antioxidants, can prevent the uncontrolled decomposition of S-nitrosothiols caused by external degradative factors, among others [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Plasma’s Protective Ability against the Degradation of S-Nitrosoglutathione under the Influence of Air-Pollution-Derived Metal Ions in Patients with Exacerbation of Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease

Wądołek

Drwiła

Oszajca

et al. 2021

IJMS

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One of the consequences of long-term exposure to air pollutants is increased mortality and deterioration of life parameters, especially among people diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) or impaired respiratory system. Aqueous soluble inorganic components of airborne particulate matter containing redox-active transition metal ions affect the stability of S-nitrosothiols and disrupt the balance in the homeostasis of nitric oxide. Blood plasma’s protective ability against the decomposition of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) under the influence of aqueous PM extract among patients with exacerbation of heart failure and coronary artery disease was studied and compared with a group of healthy volunteers. In the environment of CVD patients’ plasma, NO release from GSNO was facilitated compared to the plasma of healthy controls, and the addition of ascorbic acid boosted this process. Model studies with albumin revealed that the amount of free thiol groups is one of the crucial factors in GSNO decomposition. The correlation between the concentration of NO released and -SH level in blood plasma supports this conclusion. Complementary studies on gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity and ICP-MS multielement analysis of CVD patients’ plasma samples in comparison to a healthy control group provide broader insights into the mechanism of cardiovascular risk development induced by air pollution.

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Blood, Blood Components, Plasma, and Plasma Products

Cited by 4 publications

References 96 publications

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and breast cancer risk: analysis by subtype and potential interactions

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and breast cancer risk: analysis by subtype and potential interactions

Prognostic impact of tumor-associated neutrophils in breast cancer

Blood Plasma’s Protective Ability against the Degradation of S-Nitrosoglutathione under the Influence of Air-Pollution-Derived Metal Ions in Patients with Exacerbation of Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease

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