Blood-brain barrier for epinephrine in the eel (Anguilla anguilla L.)

Peyraud-Waïtzenegger, M; Savina, Anna A.; Laparra, José Moisés; Morfin, Robert

doi:10.1016/0306-4492(79)90127-8

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Exogenously administered catecholamines appear to directly stimulate Vw via P-adrenoreceptors (the "summer effect' ') , or inhibit Vw via a-adrenoreceptors (the "winter effect"), the net response depending on seasonal factors (Peyraud-Waitzenegger et al 1980) in a similar manner to cardiovascular and RBC effects in fish (Part et al 1982;Nikinmaa and Jensen 1986). Though the location of these adrenoreceptors is unknown, it is notable that catecholamines traverse the blood-brain barrier in fish (Peyraud-Waitzenegger et al 1979;Nekvasil and Olson 1986) and so could exert direct effects on respiratory neurones in the medulla. In higher vertebrates, catecholamines also modify the sensitivity of the peripheral chemoreceptors (O'Regan and Majcherczyk 1982).…”

Section: Catecholaminesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Control and coordination of gas transfer in fishes

Perry¹,

Wood²

1989

Can. J. Zool.

163

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Recent developments pertaining to the control and coordination of gas transfer in fishes have been reviewed. Gill ventilatory water flow can markedly affect blood respiratory and blood acid–base status. Although arterial oxygen content traditionally has been considered the predominant factor controlling ventilation, we present evidence for additional involvement of both blood acid–base status and circulating catecholamines. An analysis of the independent effects of blood oxygen content, acid–base status, and catecholamines in controlling ventilation is confounded by the interrelationships among these variables. It is likely, however, that each factor is involved to some extent in ventilatory control in fishes. Blood oxygen transport is affected by the carrying capacity of the blood and red blood cell chemical status. Blood oxygen-carrying capacity is increased during periods of stress by adrenergic release of red blood cells from the spleen. Concurrently, adrenergic stimulation of red blood cell Na+–H+ exchange, reduction of intracellular nucleoside triphosphates, swelling of red blood cells, and respiratory alkalosis all tend to increase oxygen affinity and capacity of hemoglobin. Results of recent in vivo studies indicate that adrenergic inhibition of plasma bicarbonate dehydration may contribute to the respiratory acidosis after exhaustive exercise in fishes. Evidence is presented to show that hypoxemia, rather than blood acidosis per se, is the proximate stimulus for catecholamine mobilization during periods of stress in fishes.

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Section: Catecholaminesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Control and coordination of gas transfer in fishes

Perry¹,

Wood²

1989

Can. J. Zool.

163

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“…Electrodes made of stainless steel were used to detect the action potentials generated by the heart musculature. This method was introduced first by Goodman & Weinberger (1971) and later on used in a wide variety of physiological studies (Peyraud-Waitzenegger, 1979;Berschick et al, 1987;Gehrke & Fielder, 1988;Borate et al, 1993). In this study one bar shaped electrode was placed on the bottom of the aquarium and the other, constructed as a cage, placed over the bar (Fig.…”

Section: Heart Rate Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural and heart rate responses to food limitation and predation risk: an experimental study on rainbow trout

Höjesjö

Johnsson

Axelsson

1999

Journal of Fish Biology

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Food-restricted rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss maintained a lower basal heart rate than satiated fish, probably as a result of reduced metabolic rate. Food-restricted fish were also more active during feeding and were more willing to take risks than satiated fish. Both satiated and food-restricted fish were positioned lower in the tank after the predator attack. Heart rate increased more during feeding in the food-restricted fish compared to the satiated, but energy status had no general effect on the relation between heart rate and behaviour. Hence, the increase in heart rate was mainly a response to the more active foraging behaviour in the food-restricted fish. Moreover, behavioural activity in the food-restricted fish was associated with a higher heart rate after the predator attack than when the fish was undisturbed, which may reflect physiological preparation for flight. These findings suggest that behavioural and cardiac responses are coadapted to meet variation in food availability and predation risk in the wild. 1999 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles

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“…The existence of a blood-brain barrier for catechol amines is well known in mammals [I, 3,21] and evidence suggests that a blood-brain barrier also exists in teleosts [5,39], In goldfish, systemically applied radio-labelled DA and NE are not readily taken up into brain tissues [J. Chang and R. Peter, unpubl.…”

Section: Actions O F Damentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Catecholamines on Growth Hormone Release in Female Goldfish, <i>Carassius auratu</i><i>s</i>

Chang¹,

Marchant²,

Cook³

et al. 1985

Neuroendocrinology

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The influence of catecholamines on growth hormone (GH) release in female goldfish was investigated by monitoring serum GH levels following injections of drugs known to alter catecholamine synthesis and neural activities. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 6-tydroxydopamine, a catecholaminergic neurotoxin, or α-methyl-p-tyrosine, a catecholamine synthesis inhibitor, decreased serum GH levels. Intraperitoneal injection of L-β-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) increased serum GH concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. The L-dopa-induced increase in serum GH was potentiated by i.p. injection of carbidopa, which would increase the availability of L-dopa to brain tissues by blocking the peripheral conversion of L-dopa to dopamine (DA). These results suggest that L-dopa or one of its catecholamine metabolites acts centrally to increase GH release. Intraventricular (i.v.t.) injection of DA and i.p. injection of apomorphine, a DA agonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier, increased serum GH. Intraperitoneal injection of DA did not alter circulating GH levels in normal fish or fish bearing preoptic lesions that abolish an inhibitory hypothalamic influence on GH release; however, DA increased serum GH in fish which had their blood-brain barrier destroyed by sham operation procedures. These results indicate that DA acts centrally to stimulate GH secretion, possibly by inhibiting the release and/or synthesis of GH release-inhibitory factor. Serum GH concentrations were decreased in a dose-dependent manner by i.p. injection of norepinephrine (NE), whereas i.v.t. injection of NE did not alter serum GH levels. These results indicate that NE acts outside of the blood-brain barrier to decrease serum GH levels in the goldfish, possibly by directly influencing pituitary GH cells. Preliminary data suggest that an α-adrenergic mechanism stimulating GH release in the goldfish may also be present, although the level of this action is not known.

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Blood-brain barrier for epinephrine in the eel (Anguilla anguilla L.)

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Control and coordination of gas transfer in fishes

Control and coordination of gas transfer in fishes

Behavioural and heart rate responses to food limitation and predation risk: an experimental study on rainbow trout

Influences of Catecholamines on Growth Hormone Release in Female Goldfish, <i>Carassius auratu</i><i>s</i>

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