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Significance. Diseases of the circulatory system remain one of the leading causes of death and morbidity of the adult population. Over the years, the efforts of the State aimed at controlling diseases of the circulatory system have made the contribution of this disease class to the total mortality in Russia gradually reduce. Nevertheless, diseases of the circulatory system remain the leading ones among diseases, characterized by a steady growth and rapidly increasing prevalence among the population. The purpose of the study is to analyze dynamics in incidence and prevalence of the diseases of the circulatory system among the Russian adult population in 2007-2019. Material and methods. The study used data of the statistical collections of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of the Ministry of Health of Russia: "Morbidity of the adult population of the Russian Federation" for 2007-2019. The study, which is a continuous statistical observation, used the method of direct ranking, calculation of indicators of time series. Results. Diseases of the circulatory system in 2019 ranked fourth in the incidence structure of the adult population (8%), while its prevalence ranked second to none (21%). Over 13 years, the incidence of diseases of the circulatory system in adults increased by 42% (2007-2019) while its prevalence increased by 24%. The highest levels of incidence of diseases of the circulatory system in 2019 are registered in the Krasnodar Territory (9,024.3 per 100 000 population, + 324%), the Kurgan Region (7,404.2, + 103%) and the Karachayevo-Circassian Republic (7 286.2, + 268%), and prevalence - in the Altai Territory (52 557.6, + 2%), the Chuvash Republic (51 814.6, + 38%) and the Voronezh Region (45 339.4, + 59%). The maximum rates of increase in morbidity with diseases of the circulatory system from 2007 to 2019 are registered in the South Federal district (incidence - by 119%, prevalence - by 56%), among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation: incidence - in the Krasnodar Territory (by 324%), prevalence – the Karachayevo-Circassian Republic (by 136%). According to the state statistical reporting, on average, every 7th acute myocardial infarction is complicated by recurrent heart attack in Russia. Conclusions. Throughout the study period of 13 years, the leading nosological forms include: Hypertensive diseases (35%; 45%, respectively), Ischemic heart diseases (22%; 21,6%) and Cerebrovascular diseases (23%; 20%). Over half of the diseases of the circulatory system are registered in the older working ages (55-60 and over). Scope of application. The study results can be useful to regional authorities in public health in planning and implementing regional programs aimed at controlling diseases of the circulatory system.

Significance. World health organization (WHO) has announced global epidemic of obesity that has affected millions of people all over the world. Obesity becomes more and more relevant and constitutes a life-threatening condition for people regardless of their place of residence, age or gender. Rising prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents attracts higher attention due to the fact that childhood obesity is a substantial prognostic factor of obesity in adulthood and a risk of disability due to severe comorbidities. Increase in obesity prevalence to the scale of epidemic in different age groups may lead to further life expectancy reduction especially reduction in healthy life expectancy, and substantial increase in years lost due to disability. The study purpose was to analyze obesity prevalence among the Russian population by age groups in 1995-2019 in the federal districts and regions of the Russian Federation and to forecast indicators' values until 2030. Material and methods. Official statistics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation – Form N12 of the Federal statistical observation for 1995-2019. The study used the following methods of continuous statistical observation: dynamic series indicators (growth rate, rate of increment, visibility indicators), specific gravity index, direct ranking method, and time series forecasting method. Results. Over the past 25 years, obesity prevalence among population increased 3 times, in adults over 18 years – 7 times, in children 0-14 years – 4 times, and in adolescents 15-17 years – 6 times. Since 2005, a sharp increase in obesity among adolescents with a significant gap compared to indicators in other age groups has been reported. The highest share of obesity cases is registered among adult population (78%), with half of them being people aged over 55-60. Children account for 15% of obesity cases and adolescents - for 7%. The highest share of children with obesity is registered in the Kaluga region (37%), the lowest one– in the Tyumen region (7%). As to adolescents aged 15-17 years, the highest share is registered in the Jewish autonomous region (14%), while the lowers one- in the Chechen Republic (2%), in adults over 18 years – the Altai territory (91%) and the Jewish autonomous region (50%), respectively. Regional heterogeneity in prevalence of obesity is observed across all age groups. At average, obesity prevalence rate is 1500 per 100,000 population. The highest prevalence rates registered in Altai Territory (5539.4 per 100,000) and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District (3527.2), the lowest - in Moscow (606.2) and Primorsky Territory (549.2). The Altai Territory, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, Tyumen, Kurgan and Samara regions are the top-five regions in terms of obesity prevalence; while the Jewish Autonomous Region, Kaliningrad Region, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Moscow and Primorsky Territory are the last five in the ranking. Projection of indicators until 2030 shows that obesity prevalence in all age groups can double even under the low (favourable) forecast scenario. Conclusion. According to current and prognostic trends in obesity prevalence, it is necessary to strengthen measures to control obesity across all age groups, primarily in children. Scope of application. The study results can be used by regional healthcare authorities to plan and implement regional programs aimed at obesity prevention and management.

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Background. Currently, obesity is considered one of the most significant health problems, representing a common chronic disease leading to the development of severe comorbidities, accompanied by the loss of disability-adjusted life years and high mortality. Due to the fact that obesity is one of the leading risk factors for a number of non-communicable diseases, such as diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the endocrine system and malignant neoplasms.Aims: assessment of adult mortality dynamics from obesity-associated causes in Moscow compared to the Russian Federation in 2011-2020.Materials and methods: data from the analytic package FAISS (internal use program): standardized mortality rates for population of Moscow and the Russian Federation as a whole.Results. Over the 10-year period under study, mortality in the class of diseases of the circulatory system and malignant neoplasms was decreasing, while mortality from diseases of the endocrine system was increasing. Adult mortality from the diseases of the circulatory system in Moscow reduced by 12%, in the Russian Federation - by 25%. It should be noted, that mortality rate in Moscow (302.5 per 100,000) is significantly (by 34%) lower than in Russia (460.3), at the same time, the rate of mortality reduction over a 10-year period is equal and amounts to 23-25%. Myocardial infarction is the most serious obesity-associated disease characterized by high mortality in the class of the diseases of the circulatory system, it has a declining trend in Moscow and in the Russian Federation as a whole. Adult mortality from the diseases of the endocrine system in Moscow increased by 3 times, and in the Russian Federation - by almost 5 times, while the annual increase during the first year of the pandemic was 88% in Moscow and 24% in Russia. In Moscow, more than a half (66%) of deaths from endocrine causes belongs to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, in the Russian Federation - about 80%. Compared to the Russia’s average, in Moscow mortality rates from neoplasms are lower by 8%, but at the same time, the decline happens at a similar rate (11-12%).Conclusions. Despite the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, Moscow demonstrates slowdown of growth of mortality rates from obesity-associated diseases compared to the Russian Federation, which could have been positively affected by prevention programs of noncommunicable diseases and promotion of healthy lifestyles.