Significance. Diseases of the circulatory system remain one of the leading causes of death and morbidity of the adult population. Over the years, the efforts of the State aimed at controlling diseases of the circulatory system have made the contribution of this disease class to the total mortality in Russia gradually reduce. Nevertheless, diseases of the circulatory system remain the leading ones among diseases, characterized by a steady growth and rapidly increasing prevalence among the population. The purpose of the study is to analyze dynamics in incidence and prevalence of the diseases of the circulatory system among the Russian adult population in 2007-2019. Material and methods. The study used data of the statistical collections of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of the Ministry of Health of Russia: "Morbidity of the adult population of the Russian Federation" for 2007-2019. The study, which is a continuous statistical observation, used the method of direct ranking, calculation of indicators of time series. Results. Diseases of the circulatory system in 2019 ranked fourth in the incidence structure of the adult population (8%), while its prevalence ranked second to none (21%). Over 13 years, the incidence of diseases of the circulatory system in adults increased by 42% (2007-2019) while its prevalence increased by 24%. The highest levels of incidence of diseases of the circulatory system in 2019 are registered in the Krasnodar Territory (9,024.3 per 100 000 population, + 324%), the Kurgan Region (7,404.2, + 103%) and the Karachayevo-Circassian Republic (7 286.2, + 268%), and prevalence - in the Altai Territory (52 557.6, + 2%), the Chuvash Republic (51 814.6, + 38%) and the Voronezh Region (45 339.4, + 59%). The maximum rates of increase in morbidity with diseases of the circulatory system from 2007 to 2019 are registered in the South Federal district (incidence - by 119%, prevalence - by 56%), among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation: incidence - in the Krasnodar Territory (by 324%), prevalence – the Karachayevo-Circassian Republic (by 136%). According to the state statistical reporting, on average, every 7th acute myocardial infarction is complicated by recurrent heart attack in Russia. Conclusions. Throughout the study period of 13 years, the leading nosological forms include: Hypertensive diseases (35%; 45%, respectively), Ischemic heart diseases (22%; 21,6%) and Cerebrovascular diseases (23%; 20%). Over half of the diseases of the circulatory system are registered in the older working ages (55-60 and over). Scope of application. The study results can be useful to regional authorities in public health in planning and implementing regional programs aimed at controlling diseases of the circulatory system.

Significance. World health organization (WHO) has announced global epidemic of obesity that has affected millions of people all over the world. Obesity becomes more and more relevant and constitutes a life-threatening condition for people regardless of their place of residence, age or gender. Rising prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents attracts higher attention due to the fact that childhood obesity is a substantial prognostic factor of obesity in adulthood and a risk of disability due to severe comorbidities. Increase in obesity prevalence to the scale of epidemic in different age groups may lead to further life expectancy reduction especially reduction in healthy life expectancy, and substantial increase in years lost due to disability. The study purpose was to analyze obesity prevalence among the Russian population by age groups in 1995-2019 in the federal districts and regions of the Russian Federation and to forecast indicators' values until 2030. Material and methods. Official statistics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation – Form N12 of the Federal statistical observation for 1995-2019. The study used the following methods of continuous statistical observation: dynamic series indicators (growth rate, rate of increment, visibility indicators), specific gravity index, direct ranking method, and time series forecasting method. Results. Over the past 25 years, obesity prevalence among population increased 3 times, in adults over 18 years – 7 times, in children 0-14 years – 4 times, and in adolescents 15-17 years – 6 times. Since 2005, a sharp increase in obesity among adolescents with a significant gap compared to indicators in other age groups has been reported. The highest share of obesity cases is registered among adult population (78%), with half of them being people aged over 55-60. Children account for 15% of obesity cases and adolescents - for 7%. The highest share of children with obesity is registered in the Kaluga region (37%), the lowest one– in the Tyumen region (7%). As to adolescents aged 15-17 years, the highest share is registered in the Jewish autonomous region (14%), while the lowers one- in the Chechen Republic (2%), in adults over 18 years – the Altai territory (91%) and the Jewish autonomous region (50%), respectively. Regional heterogeneity in prevalence of obesity is observed across all age groups. At average, obesity prevalence rate is 1500 per 100,000 population. The highest prevalence rates registered in Altai Territory (5539.4 per 100,000) and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District (3527.2), the lowest - in Moscow (606.2) and Primorsky Territory (549.2). The Altai Territory, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, Tyumen, Kurgan and Samara regions are the top-five regions in terms of obesity prevalence; while the Jewish Autonomous Region, Kaliningrad Region, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Moscow and Primorsky Territory are the last five in the ranking. Projection of indicators until 2030 shows that obesity prevalence in all age groups can double even under the low (favourable) forecast scenario. Conclusion. According to current and prognostic trends in obesity prevalence, it is necessary to strengthen measures to control obesity across all age groups, primarily in children. Scope of application. The study results can be used by regional healthcare authorities to plan and implement regional programs aimed at obesity prevention and management.

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Introduction. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic that swept the whole world in 2020, the level and structure of morbidity changed, the “center of gravity” of adult mortality shifted towards infectious diseases. The anti-epidemic reorientation of healthcare systems in the world has had a negative impact on the health of patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs). As a result, the morbidity of the adult population, in particular respiratory diseases related to the most important NCDs, becomes particularly relevant in the conditions of epidemiological restrictions in Moscow with the spread of the COVID-19 and the increased burden on the Healthcare system of Moscow. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to analysis of indicators of incidence and prevalence of the respiratory system diseases of the adult population of Moscow and the Russian Federation for the periods 2015–2019 and 2019–2020. Methods and materials. The study used data of the official statistics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of the “Morbidity of the Russian population” (incidence and prevalence by the care seeking data) for 2015–2020, by the ICD-10 chapter X “Diseases of the respiratory system” (J00-J99), blocks “Chronic lower respiratory diseases” (J40-J47): Asthma, Status asthmaticus (J45, J46); Other chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (J44); chronic bronchitis, Emphysema (J40-J43). Results. The respiratory system diseases continue to occupy leading positions in the structure of morbidity of the adult population of Moscow and the Russian Federation. In the structure of the prevalence of the adult population of Moscow in 2020, respiratory system diseases accounted for 16.8 % (in 2015 – 15.1 %), which is lower than in the whole of the Russian Federation – 17.7 % (2015 – 13.8 %). In the structure of the incidence of the adult population of Moscow was 33.8% (in 2015 – 33.5 %), which is lower than in the whole of the Russian Federation, amounting to 36.9 % (2015 – 28.2 %). The prevalence the respiratory system diseases of the adult population of respiratory system diseases in 2020 in Moscow was 20 830.8 per 100 000 population, which is 19.6 % lower than in the whole of the Russian Federation (25 910.0). Over the period 2015–2019, the indicator of prevalence tended to increase in Moscow by 10.2 %, in the Russian Federation – by 6.2 %. For the period 2019–2020 in Moscow, the increase was only 5.4 %, in the Russian Federation there were higher growth rates (+21.9 %). The incidence the respiratory system diseases in 2020 in Moscow was 15,832.1 per 100 000 population, which is 1.3 times lower than the national average (21,376.0). Over the period 2015–2019, the incidence rate decreased in Moscow by 7.9 %, in the Russian Federation – by 6.6 %. In 2019–2020, the growth rate in Moscow was 4.8 %, in general, a higher increase of 29.7 % was recorded in the Russian Federation. For the period from 2015 to 2019 and during the period of “COVID-19 lockdowns” in 2020, mainly in Moscow, there are high rates of increase in the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. At the same time, a decrease in the level of prevalence and incidence of chronic bronchitis and emphysema was registered both in Moscow and in the Russia. Conclusion. Thus, the morbidity of the adult population the diseases of respiratory system in Moscow tends to decrease, while in the Russian Federation to increase, which requires additional research to find cause-and-effect relationships.

Introduction. Currently, increased attention of public policy is paid to non-communicable diseases, which are the leading causes in the structure of mortality, disability and morbidity of the population. In this connection, many government programs are currently being implemented to prevent non-communicable diseases and correct risk factors. Finland's experience in the implementation of the North Karelia project has shown the effectiveness of the prevention of noncommunicable diseases through interagency cooperation. As a result, one of the priority areas of work of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation has become the formation of a unified system of strengthening public health. In 2020, the Moscow Department of Health approved the Regional Program for Strengthening the Public Health of the Moscow Population, on the basis of which district programs began to be developed. Objective. Analysis of the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases among the adult population of the Northern, North-Eastern and Southern administrative districts for 2017–2019. Materials and methods. The materials used were programs to strengthen the public health of the population of the Northern Administrative District, Northern Eastern Administrative District and the Southern Administrative District of Moscow. Results. The largest number of pathological abnormalities in the course of a preventive medical examination and clinical examination is revealed during a survey (questionnaire) and examination by a general practitioner, i. e. at the beginning and at the end of the first stage of clinical examination. According to the results of preventive medical examinations and clinical examination, the greatest contribution (more than 50 %) is made by such risk factors as inappropriate nutrition, low physical activity and overweight, the smallest proportion was hyperglycemia (from 1.2 % to 2.9 %). A high percentage of identified risk factors for non-communicable diseases is noted in the age group 39–60 years old (mainly among women), about 40 % – in the elderly population (over 60 years old).