Blood fatty acids in Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis and systematic review

Hosseini, Mahboobeh Sadat; Poljak, Anne; Braidy, Nady; Crawford, John D.; Sachdev, Perminder S.

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101043

Cited by 45 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…This observation suggests that the ratio of lipids to proteins in the Aβ-rich region is lower than that in the non-Aβ-rich region. According to the results of previous research, abnormal lipid metabolism affects the metabolism and deposition of Aβ, which leads to a series of negative effects and ultimately affects the pathogenesis of AD [9,10,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Previous studies have reported the relevance of lipids and Aβ proteins in AD based on coherent Raman scattering microscopy [33][34][35].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Amyloid β-Protein in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease by Label-Free Vibrational Imaging

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2021

Biosensors

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Due to the increase in the average age of humans, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become one of the disorders with the highest incidence worldwide. Abnormal amyloid β protein (Aβ) accumulation is believed to be the most common cause of AD. Therefore, distinguishing the lesion areas can provide clues for AD diagnosis. Here, we present an optical spectroscopy and imaging approach based on coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS). Label-free vibrational imaging of Aβ in a mouse model of AD was performed to distinguish the lesion areas by studying the spectra of regions with and without Aβ plaques. Raman spectra in Aβ and non-Aβ regions exhibited a specific difference in the intensity ratio of the wave peaks detected at 2850 and 2930 cm–1. In the non-Aβ region, the ratio of the peak intensity at 2850 cm–1 to that at 2930 cm–1 was approximately 1, whereas that in the Aβ region was 0.8. This label-free vibrational imaging may provide a new method for the clinical diagnosis and basic research of AD.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Amyloid β-Protein in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease by Label-Free Vibrational Imaging

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2021

Biosensors

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“…Being connected with vascular pathology, the cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMH) correlate with the risk of cerebrovascular episodes and dementia. DHA level is significantly lower in MCI and AD patients, and lower serum EPA/AA ratio is associated with the progression of the white matter hyperintensities [ 30 , 31 ]. Dietary DHA and its metabolites may decrease amyloid-β apoptosis and oxidative stress that may have pathogenetic importance in AD patients [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free Fatty Acids Are Associated with the Cognitive Functions in Stroke Survivors

Kotlęga

Peda

Palma

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of motor impairment and psychosocial disability. Although free fatty acids (FFA) have been proven to affect the risk of stroke and potentially dementia, the evidence of their impact on cognitive functions in stroke patients is lacking. We aimed to establish such potential relationships. Seventy-two ischemic stroke patients were prospectively analysed. Their cognitive functions were assessed seven days post-stroke and six months later as follow-up (n = 41). Seven days post-stroke analysis of serum FFAs levels showed direct correlations between Cognitive Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) and the following FFAs: C20:4n6 arachidonic acid and C20:5n3 eicosapentaenoic acid, while negative correlations were observed for C18:3n3 linolenic acid (ALA), C18:4 n3 stearidonic acid and C23:0 tricosanoic acid. Follow-up examination with CVLT revealed positive correlations with C15:0 pentadecanoid acid, C18:3n6 gamma linoleic acid, SDA, C23:0 tricosanoic acid and negative correlations with C14:0 myristic acid and C14:1 myristolenic acids. Several tests (Trail Making Test, Stroop Dots Trail, Digit Span Test and Verbal Fluency Test) were directly correlated mainly with C14:0 myristic acid and C14:1 myristolenic acid, while corresponding negatively with C18:1 vaccinic acid, C20:3n3 cis-11-eicosatrienoic acid, C22:1/C20:1 cis11- eicosanic acid and C20:2 cis-11-eicodienoic acid. No correlations between Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) test performed on seventh day, and FFAs levels were found. Saturated fatty acids play a negative role in long-term cognitive outcomes in stroke patients. The metabolic cascade of polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3 PUFA) and the synthesis of (AA) can be involved in pathogenesis of stroke-related cognitive impairment.

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“…DHA decreased in brains, circulation, and CSF of AD individuals (Fonteh et al, 2014(Fonteh et al, , 2020de Wilde et al, 2017;Snowden et al, 2017;Hosseini et al, 2020). EPA decreased in brain and circulation of AD individuals (Hosseini et al, 2020). DPA increased in livers of AD (Dyall, 2015).…”

Section: Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Involvement of Lipids in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology and Potential Therapies

2020

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Lipids constitute the bulk of the dry mass of the brain and have been associated with healthy function as well as the most common pathological conditions of the brain. Demographic factors, genetics, and lifestyles are the major factors that influence lipid metabolism and are also the key components of lipid disruption in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Additionally, the most common genetic risk factor of AD, APOE 4 genotype, is involved in lipid transport and metabolism. We propose that lipids are at the center of Alzheimer's disease pathology based on their involvement in the blood-brain barrier function, amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, myelination, membrane remodeling, receptor signaling, inflammation, oxidation, and energy balance. Under healthy conditions, lipid homeostasis bestows a balanced cellular environment that enables the proper functioning of brain cells. However, under pathological conditions, dyshomeostasis of brain lipid composition can result in disturbed BBB, abnormal processing of APP, dysfunction in endocytosis/exocytosis/autophagocytosis, altered myelination, disturbed signaling, unbalanced energy metabolism, and enhanced inflammation. These lipid disturbances may contribute to abnormalities in brain function that are the hallmark of AD. The wide variance of lipid disturbances associated with brain function suggest that AD pathology may present as a complex interaction between several metabolic pathways that are augmented by risk factors such as age, genetics, and lifestyles. Herewith, we examine factors that influence brain lipid composition, review the association of lipids with all known facets of AD pathology, and offer pointers for potential therapies that target lipid pathways.

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Blood fatty acids in Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis and systematic review

Cited by 45 publications

References 95 publications

Distinguishing Amyloid β-Protein in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease by Label-Free Vibrational Imaging

Distinguishing Amyloid β-Protein in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease by Label-Free Vibrational Imaging

Free Fatty Acids Are Associated with the Cognitive Functions in Stroke Survivors

Involvement of Lipids in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology and Potential Therapies

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