Blood Flow in the Aortic Wall

Sapirstein, Leo A.; Mandel, Morris J.

doi:10.1161/01.res.7.4.545

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Second, diffusible indicators can be used to examine total nutritional support of the vessel, through both vascular channels and nonvascular mechanisms such as diffusion from the lumen. This approach has been used in a very preliminary way (51). Third, oxygen tension can be measured in the wall of the blood vessels to examine the balance between supply and demand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Vasa Vasorum in Nourishment of the Aorta

Heistad

Marcus²

1979

J Vasc Res

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The media of arteries is virtually avascular. Thus, oxygen and nutrients must reach the cells of the media by diffusion from the lumen of the vessel and from adventitial vessels. The thickness of the thoracic aorta of man and dog exceeds the effective diffusion distance of oxygen, but nutrition is supplemented by vasa vasorum which enter into the outer layers of the media. Occlusion of vasa vasorum in dogs produces medial necrosis, which indicates that these vessels are essential for the nourishment of the aorta. Recently the microsphere method has been used to provide the first measurements of blood flow through vasa vasorum. There is substantial flow to the outer layers of media of the thoracic aorta in dogs, with virtually no blood flow in the inner layers. The vessels are very responsive to physiological stimuli: they dilate during infusion of adenosine and constrict during stimulation of sympathetic nerves. During acute increases in arterial pressure, blood flow to the media decreases probably from distortion of vasa vasorum. Vasa vasorum may play a role in disease states. Insufficient blood flow through vasa vasorum may contribute to medial necrosis of the aorta and to aortic atherosclerosis. A role of vasa vasorum in aortic changes in hypertension and other vascular diseases merits further study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Vasa Vasorum in Nourishment of the Aorta

Heistad

Marcus²

1979

J Vasc Res

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“…7 Extrapolation was not necessary with the other organs since no changes were noted in the two sacrificing times used in the experiment. those observed in the controls rim with the experiment.…”

Section: Fractional Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Angiotensin Infusion on Regional Blood Flow and Regional Vascular Resistance in the Rat

Mandel

Sapirstein

1962

Circulation Research

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"4 have been comprehensively reviewed by Page and Bumpus. 5 Although the literature is replete with information on its overall pressor properties and its effects on the cardiac output, the effects of angiotensin on regional blood flow and organ vascular resistance have not been adequately evaluated for most regions. Observations on the regional effects of angiotensin have been confined to a few organs or areas. As will be shown in the Discussion, the results are not always consistent in different preparations, and little information is available in the intact animal.A method developed in the Department of Physiology at Ohio State University 0 allows the measurement of the distribution of the cardiac output to all organs simultaneously in the intact animal. The present report is concerned with the application of this method to the determination of regional blood flow and regional vascular resistance in rats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and infused with varying doses of angiotensin. MethodsTwo hundred and eleven female rats of the Sprague-Dawloy strain which had been fasted for 18 hours were used in these studies. Of these, 75 (51 control, 24 experimental) were used in blood From the Department of Physiology, Ohio State Univevsity, Columbus, and Aerospace Medical Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio.This work was supported by grants-in-aid from the American Heart Association and the Central Ohio Heart Association. Support was also received from Grunt H-4730 from the National Heart Institute, U. S. Public Health Service.Dr. Mandol is a Captain (MC) in the United States Air Force. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the United States Air Force.Received for publication November 27, 1961. pressure measurements; 38 (10 control, 2S expei'iniental) were employed in cardiac output measurements; regional flow distribution for all organs other than the brain was measvii'ed in 71 (22 control, 49 experimental), and cerebral flow fraction was measured in 102 (37 control, 65 experimental). Water wns allowed ad libitum. The animals weighed between 190 and 250 Gm. Sodium pentoharbital (40 mg./Kg., intraperitoneally) was used as the anesthetic. Angiotensin 0 was infused into the femoral vein by means of a Harvard infusion pump for 5 to 25 minutes at 0.05 ml./niin. of solution containing concentrations of angiotensin sufficient to yield 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5 /i.g./Kg. body weight/min.Mean arterial pressures were measured from the femoral artery in heparinized rats with a mercury manometer connected to the artery by a 25-or 27-gauge needle. The same animals were also used for either the cardinc output or the regional flow determination. Cardiac outputs were measured by the indicator-dilution technique, using Rb 80 as the indicator. The rate of sample collection was 60/tnin. Because of the hemorrhage produced by the cardiac output determination, different animals were used for regional blood flow studies.Distribution of blood flo...

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“…The theoretical basis for the indicator fractionation technique has been described in several publications from this laboratory (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). Basically, the technique depends on the fact that any indicator having the same extraction ratio in an organ and in the whole body will be distributed between the organ and the body in the same manner as is the blood supply.…”

Section: Theoretical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Flow in the Aortic Wall

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Role of Vasa Vasorum in Nourishment of the Aorta

Role of Vasa Vasorum in Nourishment of the Aorta

Effect of Angiotensin Infusion on Regional Blood Flow and Regional Vascular Resistance in the Rat

Measurement of the Cephalic and Cerebral Blood Flow Fractions of the Cardiac Output in Man*

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