Blood glucose lowering property of water in oral insulin-fed diabetic rats

Abstract

Insulin-water interaction could be one reason where water migration from the gastrointestinal lumen into systemic circulation is reduced and blood glucose lowering capacity of deionized water is negated.

Oral calcium pectinate-insulin nanoparticles: influences of alginate, sodium chloride and Tween 80 on their blood glucose lowering performance

“…Nevertheless, the Tween 80 decorated nanoparticles exhibited a remarkably low blood glucose lowering effect when compared to the Tween 80‐free nanoparticles (Figure ). Previous research indicated that deionized water exerted blood glucose lowering effect via dilution of systemic circulation by absorbed water as reflected by the reduction in concentration of marker red blood cells and glucose itself [2]. The migration of water from gastrointestinal lumen to systemic circulation can be affected by drug/excipient‐water interaction thereby reducing the blood glucose lowering capacity of deionized water.…”

“…Experimental diabetes was induced in rats according to a modified protocol using streptozotocin solution prepared in 0.1 m citrate buffer pH 4.5 and sterilized by filtration through 0.22 μ m MILLEX GP Syringe Driven Filter Unit (Millipore Corporation) [2]. Following 15 h of fasting, each rat was administered with a single intraperitoneal injection of the freshly prepared streptozotocin solution at the dose of 55 mg/kg.…”

“…Experimental diabetes was induced in rats according to a modified protocol using streptozotocin solution prepared in 0.1 m citrate buffer pH 4.5 and sterilized by filtration through 0.22 μm MILLEX GP Syringe Driven Filter Unit (Millipore Corporation). [2] Following 15 h of fasting, each rat was administered with a single intraperitoneal injection of the freshly prepared streptozotocin solution at the dose of 55 mg/kg. In avoidance of severe hypoglycaemia subsequent to streptozotocin administration, the rats were given 5 %w/v glucose solution orally in the form of feeding liquid for a period of 24 h. The rats with diabetic symptoms such as polydipsia and polyuria as well as fasting blood glucose concentration higher than 13.75 mmol/l after 14 days of streptozotocin injection were selected for use as experimental animals.…”

“…Previous research indicated that deionized water exerted blood glucose lowering effect via dilution of systemic circulation by absorbed water as reflected by the reduction in concentration of marker red blood cells and glucose itself. [2] The migration of water from gastrointestinal lumen to systemic circulation can be affected by drug/excipient-water interaction thereby reducing the blood glucose lowering capacity of deionized water. One given example was insulin solution where it had a lower blood glucose reduction property than deionized water.…”

“…Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disease that is related to the disorders of carbohydrate metabolism brought about by deficiency in insulin secretion, insulin resistance or both. [1,2] Epidemiology study indicates that hyperglycaemia is the primary cause of diabetes. The global burden of diabetes is estimated to increase from about 171 million in 2000 to 366 million people in 2030.…”