Blood glucose turnover during high- and low-intensity exercise

Cooper, Dan M.; Barstow, Thomas J.; Bergner, A.; Lee, W.-N. P.

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1989.257.3.e405

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Tadjore et al (34) reported that plasma epinephrine concentrations in rats increased after prolonged swimming. Cooper et al (10) demonstrated that blood levels of epinephrine increase gradually after high-and low-intensity exercise in humans. In our study, however, the turnover rate of serum catecholamines was rapid; we suspected that catecholamines had already been recovered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracranial administration of transforming growth factor-β3 increases fat oxidation in rats

Yamazaki

Arai

Matsumura

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Yamazaki, Hanae, Masanao Arai, Shigenobu Matsumura, Kazuo Inoue, and Tohru Fushiki. Intracranial administration of transforming growth factor-␤3 increases fat oxidation in rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 283: E536-E544, 2002. First published May 28, 2002 10.1152/ ajpendo.00094.2001.-The effects of intracranial transforming growth factor (TGF)-␤3 on spontaneous motor activity and energy metabolism were examined in rats. After injection of TGF-␤3 into the cisterna magna of the rat, spontaneous motor activity decreased significantly for 1 h. The intracranial injection of TGF-␤3 produced an immediate decrease in respiratory exchange ratio (RER). No significant changes were observed in energy expenditure. TGF-␤3 induced a significant increase in total fat oxidation and a decrease in total carbohydrate oxidation. Furthermore, the serum substrates associated with fat metabolism were significantly altered in rats injected with TGF-␤3. Both lipoprotein lipase activity in skeletal muscle and the concentration of serum ketone bodies increased, suggesting that the increase in fat oxidation caused by TGF-␤3 may have occurred in the liver and muscle. Intracranial injection of TGF-␤3 appeared to evoke a switch in the energy substrates accessed in energy expenditure. These results suggest that the release of TGF-␤3 in the brain by exercise is a signal for regulating energy consumption. spontaneous motor activity; respiratory exchange ratio; energy metabolism WE HAVE PREVIOUSLY REPORTED that intracranial administration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from exerciseexhausted rats produced a decrease in spontaneous motor activity, whereas CSF from sedentary rats had no such effect (19).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracranial administration of transforming growth factor-β3 increases fat oxidation in rats

Yamazaki

Arai

Matsumura

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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“…The work rate was calculated for each subject to be equivalent to 80% of peak V O2. This approach allowed us to ensure that the exercise input was standardized to physiological indicators of each subject's exercise capability (4). In particular, we have been able to do studies comparing exercise responses in healthy children and in children with chronic diseases like cystic fibrosis (34).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of prior hyperglycemia on IL-6 responses to exercise in children with type 1 diabetes

Galassetti¹,

Iwanaga²,

Pontello³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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. Effect of prior hyperglycemia on IL-6 responses to exercise in children with type 1 diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 290: E833-E839, 2006. First published December 6, 2005 doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00445.2005.-The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) may modulate the onset and progression of complications of diabetes. As this cytokine increases after exercise, and many other exercise responses are altered by prior glycemic fluctuations, we hypothesized that prior hyperglycemia might exacerbate the IL-6 response to exercise. Twenty children with type 1 diabetes (12 boys/8 girls, age 12-15 yr) performed 29 exercise studies (30-min intermittent cycling at ϳ80% peak O2 uptake). Children were divided into four groups based on highest morning glycemic reading [blood glucose (BG) Ͻ 150, BG 151-200, BG 201-300, or BG Ͼ 300 mg/dl]. All exercise studies were performed in the late morning, after hyperglycemia had been corrected and steadystate conditions (plasma glucose Ͻ120 mg/dl, basal insulin infusion) had been maintained for Ն90 min. Blood samples for IL-6, growth factors, and counterregulatory hormones were drawn at pre-, end-, and 30 min postexercise time points. At all time points, circulating IL-6 was lowest in BG Ͻ 150 and progressively higher in the other three groups. The exercise-induced increment also followed a similar doseresponse pattern (BG Ͻ 150, 0.6 Ϯ 0.2 ng/ml; BG 151-200, 1.2 Ϯ 0.8 ng/ml; BG 201-300, 2.1 Ϯ 1

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“…The exercise intensity was individualized for each subject and calculated to be equivalent to the intensity corresponding to 50% of the di erence between the anaerobic or lactate threshold (determined noninvasively from the ramp test) and peak oxygen uptake. We have used this approach in previous investigations to ensure that the exercise was standardized to physiological indicators of each individual subject's exercise capability (Cooper et al 1989). In addition, our experience with heavy intensity exercise (i.e.…”

Section: Laboratory Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of laboratory versus field exercise on leukocyte subsets and cell adhesion molecule expression in children

et al. 2001

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In adults, exercise is a powerful and natural stimulator of immune cells and adhesion molecules. Far less is known about these exercise responses during childhood and whether or not exercise in real-life activities of healthy children might in¯uence immune responses. We compared laboratory exercise (10´2 min periods of heavy, constant intensity, cycle ergometer exercise with 1 min rests between exercise in nine subjects, aged 9±15 years) with ®eld exercise (90 min soccer practice in nine di erent subjects, aged 9±11 years). Blood was sampled before both protocols, 5 min after the 30 min laboratory protocol, and 10±15 min after the 90 min ®eld protocol. Both ®eld and laboratory exercise protocols led to signi®cant (P<0.05) increases in granulocytes, monocytes, and all lymphocyte subpopulations. The mean (SEM) increases were similar for the two protocols except for the signi®cantly greater increase in laboratory compared with ®eld protocols for natural killer cells [142 (39)% vs 12 (16) (25)%] protocol. Finally, the density of CD62L on lymphocytes signi®cantly decreased with laboratory exercise but showed no change in the ®eld protocol [±20 (3)% vs ±3 (3)%, P<0.001]. The rapid and substantial immune response in both laboratory and ®eld protocols suggests that exercise stimulation of the immune system occurs commonly in the real lives of children and may play a role in their overall immune status.

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Blood glucose turnover during high- and low-intensity exercise

Cited by 34 publications

References 30 publications

Intracranial administration of transforming growth factor-β3 increases fat oxidation in rats

Intracranial administration of transforming growth factor-β3 increases fat oxidation in rats

Effect of prior hyperglycemia on IL-6 responses to exercise in children with type 1 diabetes

Effects of laboratory versus field exercise on leukocyte subsets and cell adhesion molecule expression in children

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