Blood metabolic profile and acid-base status of Istrian goats - a critically endangered Croatian goat - in relation to age

Abstract

The aim of the present research was to determine the blood metabolic profile and acid-base status of Istrian goats in a Mediterranean production system. The research was carried out on 28, non-gravid Istrian goats divided into four groups: group I-≤ 6 month old kids; group II-≤ 2 year old goats; group 3-from 2 to 5 year old goats; group IV->5 year old goats. The goats were grazing on extensive Mediterranean pastures, but when in the stall, they were fed with hay and approximately 0.2 kg corn per day, as well as water and salt. Haematological parameters were determined in whole blood. The concentrations of biochemical parameters and enzyme activities were determined in the blood serum, while indicators of acid-base balance were determined in the blood plasma. The number of erythrocytes and lymphocytes decreased, while segmented neutrophils and eosinophils increased with age in the Istrian goats. Furthermore, concentrations of Fe, albumin/globulin ratio, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, VLDLcholesterol, inorganic phosphate-and the activity of alkaline phosphatase decreased significantly. An increase was determined in concentrations of urea, total proteins and globulins, as well as the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, weak anions and cations based on total protein calculations. The data obtained on the metabolic profile and acid-base status of Istrian goats are useful for understanding this breed's parameters, which will help in monitoring health and nutritional status, as well as for improving the management and conservation of this critically endangered breed.

The Effects of Age on Biochemistry Profiles of Aceh Cattle Blood

“…The data in Table 1 shows that the mean ALP activity of Aceh cattle in the 2-4-year-old age group (146.00±29.48 U/L) was higher and significantly different than the >4-6-year-old age group (94.37±41.99 U/L). These results are in accordance with studies that have been carried out on African buffaloes (Couch et al, 2017), goats (Gwaze et al, 2012;Antunović et al, 2020), and dogs (Brenten et al, 2016). All of these studies found that adult animals have lower ALP activity compared to young animals.…”

“…Albumin concentrations were also higher in the age group >4-6 years old (4.52±0.40 g/dL) compared to the age group 2-4 years old (4.09±0.45) but not significantly different. This higher total protein concentration in the older age group is in accordance with studies that have been carried out on male cattle (Irfan, 2014), calves (Nagy et al, 2014;Souza et al, 2020), Brahman cattle (Kristanto and Widiyono, 2021), African buffaloes (Couch et al, 2017), goats (Antunović et al, 2020), donkeys (Sow et al, 2017), camels (Ahmadi-hamedani et al, 2014), dogs (Brenten et al, 2016;Lee et al, 2020), pigs (Yu et al, 2019), and broiler chickens (Tothova et al, 2019). Tothova et al (2016) stated that age is one of the most important factors that affect the concentrations of serum protein and its fractions (albumin and globulin).…”

“…The mean GGT activity of Aceh cattle in this study showed no significant difference between the age group 2-4 years old (13.50±5.80 U/L) and the age group > 4-6 years old (15.87±3.64 U/L) (Table 1). The studies conducted on bulls (Irfan, 2014), African buffaloes (Couch et al, 2017), goats (Gwaze et al, 2012;Antunović et al, 2020), and sheep (Onasanya et al, 2015) also obtained similar results that support the argument that age has no significant effect on GGT activity. The high specificity of the GGT enzyme allows for its use in detecting the presence of chronic liver lesions (Moreira et al, 2012).…”

The effect of dietary pumpkin seed cake and extruded linseed on blood haemato-chemicals and milk quality in Alpine goats during early lactation

“…The ELS and PSC diets did not influence the proportions of C6:0, C8:0 and C10:0, fatty acids responsible for the particular sensory properties of goats´ milk (Bessa et al, 2016) and health benefits providing better digestibility of goat milk (Zenebe et al, 2014). Bernard et al (2015) found that SCFA, specifically C6:0, C8:0 and C10:0, were lowered in milk when feeding goats with 216 g/kg DM of extruded linseed in goats´ diets Contains C18:1 t7 + t8 as a minor components, 2 Contains C18:1 t10 as a minor component, 3 Contains C18:1 t12 + t13 + t14 as a minor components, 4 Contains C18:1 c14 as a minor component, 5 Contains C19:0 a minor component, 6 Contains C18:2 t9 t12 + t8 c12 + c9 t13 a minor components; SEM-standard error of mean; a,b Row means with different superscripts differ significantly at P < 0.05 Proportions of stearic (C18:0), OA, vaccenic (VA, C18:1 t11) acid and CLA remained unaffected by dietary treatments. Bernard et al (2015) determined that addition of extruded linseed in combination with fish oil may be efficient in increasing VA and CLA proportions in milk.…”

Endocrine, energy, and lipid status during parturition and early lactation in indigenous goats native to the Algerian Sahara

“…Furthermore, blood metabolic profile (BMP) is used to predict the emergence of some metabolic disorders, energy metabolism, and nutritional and health status in animals [13]. The indicators of BMP are mainly the hematochemical parameters, which are influenced by various factors, such as breed, age [14], gender [15], season [16], reproductive status [17], and infectious processes [18]. The most important biomarkers of energy metabolism are glucose (GLU), cholesterol (CHO), and triglycerides (TGs).…”