Blood Pressure and Risk of Renal Cell Carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Abstract

Elevated blood pressure has been implicated as a risk factor for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but prospective studies were confined to men and did not consider the effect of antihypertensive medication. The authors examined the relation among blood pressure, antihypertensive medication, and RCC in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Blood pressure was measured in 296,638 women and men, recruited in eight European countries during 1992-1998, 254,935 of whom provided information on antihypertensive medication. During a mean follow-up of 6.2 years, 250 cases of RCC were identified. Blood pressure was independently associated with risk of RCC. The relative risks for the highest versus the lowest category of systolic (>/=160 mmHg vs. <120 mmHg) and diastolic (>/=100 mmHg vs. <80 mmHg) blood pressures were 2.48 (95% confidence interval: 1.53, 4.02) and 2.34 (95% confidence interval: 1.54, 3.55). Risk estimates did not significantly differ according to sex or use of antihypertensive medication. Individuals taking antihypertensive drugs were not at a significantly increased risk unless blood pressure was poorly controlled. These results support the hypothesis that hypertension, rather than its medications, increases the risk of RCC in both sexes, while effective blood pressure control may lower the risk.

A prospective analysis of the association between macronutrient intake and renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

“…The significant positive associations between obesity and blood pressure and risk of renal cell carcinoma in our study population have been described in detail elsewhere. 20,21 In addition, cases were also older, taller, more likely to be current smokers and less likely to be highly educated than noncases (data not shown).…”

Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence in Renal Cell Cancer Patients

“…HT is another component of MetS, which was demonstrated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of RCC (Weikert et al, 2008). The highest incidence rate of moderate new-onset HT was observed in patients with RCC among various cancer types in a recent study (Fraeman et al, 2013).…”

Böbrek Hücreli Karsinomda Risk Faktörleri ve Etyoloji

“…'nın yaptığı önemli bir Avrupa çalışmasında arteriyel kan basıncı yüksek (≥160 mmHg) olanlar ile düşük (<120 mmHg) olanlar karşılaştırmış. Kan basıncı yüksekliği olanlarda BHK gelişme riskinin 2,4 kat fazla olduğunu saptamıştır (27). Chow ve ark.…”

“…Birinci derece akrabasında BHK olan kişilerde riskin 4,3 kat arttığı ortaya konulmuştur (12). Tütün kullanımı, obezite, ve kan basıncı yüksekliği BHK gelişmesinden sorumlu en güçlü risk faktörleridir (11,13,14,15,16).…”