Blood service in the Tibetan regions of Garzê and Aba, China: a longitudinal survey

Wang, Y.; Zhao, Wansheng; Yin, Yonghua; Rao, Shaoqin; Liu, B.; Huang, Xu; Liu, X. X.; Li, W. H.; Ye, S. L.; Li, S. Y.; Yu, Xihe; Wu, Danxiao; Xu, Junjie; Wang, Z. K.; Zhang, Rong; Li, C. Q.

doi:10.1111/tme.12468

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Positive TP and HBV results were the main reasons for blood discarding in TTD tests in Aba Prefecture. This was consistent with previous reports concerning the prevalence of TTD among donors from 2006 to 2008 [ 21 ], and 2011 to 2015 [ 15 ]. Moreover, the prevalence of TP for donors increased, at a rate higher than for HBV.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Due to the different language, and lower-education, people lack awareness of voluntary blood donation and knowledge of its health benefits [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Moreover, the recruitment of local Tibetan residents was difficult due to their religious beliefs, where blood is regarded as a holy gift that should be well preserved [ 15 ]. Therefore, professional, public education should be strengthened to help people learn the benefits of blood donation and eventually improve the disparities with other regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood Service in a Region of China’s Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Sun

Zhu

et al. 2023

Healthcare

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Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to describe blood services in the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Regions, (hereinafter referred to as Aba Prefecture), a region of China’s Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, the third largest area of Tibet and the main inhabited area of the Qiang people. Design: We present a comprehensive investigation into blood donations, donors, screening and supply in the 13 counties of Aba Prefecture based on data from 2013 to 2018. Geography and population were also used to analyze the differences in blood services among different regions. Participants: The number of blood donors totaled 19,047. Results: Over the past 6 years, blood donations have increased by 29 and clinical blood usage by 45%. The blood donation rate was 3.4‰ and per capita blood use was 1.04 mL, both of which were significantly lower than the national average, and blood donation decreased with altitude. It should be noted that the donation rate of the Tibetan and Qiang peoples is much lower than that of the Han population. Moreover, the rejection rate of blood in laboratory testing was found to be higher than the national average, especially in counties located at higher altitudes. Conclusions: Blood donations and usage increased every year in Aba Prefecture, but blood shortage is still an important issue. In addition, the prevalence of transfusion–transmitted diseases is relatively high, which may be linked to lower-education and unfavorable geographical and medical conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Service in a Region of China’s Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Sun

Zhu

et al. 2023

Healthcare

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“…Data on time trends in the blood supply, 27 , 34 transition probabilities between donation frequencies in succeeding years, 6 and retention rates of donors 34 can be used to construct more sophisticated (and perhaps more precise) prediction models; however, such data were unavailable in our study. The effects of specialty hospitals (6642 hospitals in 2016), 35 minority ethnic groups (120 million people, with low reported donation rates because of cultural beliefs), 36 and sex differences in blood donation and consumption (e.g. more women in their 30s and 40s having a second child and higher risk of maternal haemorrhage with more births as a result of the new birth policy) 11 were also not analysed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population-based projections of blood supply and demand, China, 2017–2036

Wang

Shen

et al. 2019

Bull. World Health Organ.

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ObjectiveTo estimate the long-term effect of the changing demography in China on blood supply and demand.MethodsWe developed a predictive model to estimate blood supply and demand during 2017–2036 in mainland China and in 31 province-level regions. Model parameters were obtained from World Population Prospects, China statistical yearbook 2016, China’s report on blood safety and records from a large tertiary hospital. Our main assumptions were stable age-specific per capita blood supply and demand over time.FindingsWe estimated that the change in demographic structure between 2016 (baseline year) and 2036 would result in a 16.0% decrease in blood supply (from 43.2 million units of 200 mL to 36.3 million units) and a 33.1% increase in demand (from 43.2 million units to 57.5 million units). In 2036, there would be an estimated shortage of 21.2 million units. An annual increase in supply between 0.9% and 1.8% is required to maintain a balance in blood supply and demand. This increase is not enough for every region as regional differences will increase, e.g. a blood demand/supply ratio ≥ 1.45 by 2036 is predicted in regions with large populations older than 65 years. Sensitivity analyses showed that increasing donations by 4.0% annually by people aged 18–34 years or decreasing the overall blood discard rate from 5.0% to 2.0% would not offset but help reduce the blood shortage.ConclusionMultidimensional strategies and tailored, coordinated actions are needed to deal with growing pressures on blood services because of China’s ageing population.

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“…In this study, the NAT system displayed excellent capability in detecting HBV DNA, which is particularly beneficial in high-altitude regions with a high prevalence of HBV transmission[27]. The adoption of the NAT system effectively detects low viral load HBV infections, minimizing the risk of HBV transmission through blood transfusions[28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and evaluation of blood screening testing strategies in Nagqu, Tibet: one of the highest cities in world

Zang,

Zhou,

Fan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of blood screening strategies in Nagqu City, with a focus on serological and nucleic acid testing effectiveness. Analysis of blood donation data from 2017 to 2023 revealed a gradual increase in local blood donation rates, but the rate of unqualified donations remained higher than the national average. Serological performance verification showed good repeatability and precision, but improvements are needed in the accuracy of certain markers. Nucleic acid performance verification demonstrated excellent detection capability for low viral load HBV infections. The conclusion highlights significant progress in the screening strategies of Nagqu City, with the nucleic acid testing system showing outstanding performance. The findings provide valuable insights for blood screening in other high-altitude regions.

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Blood service in the Tibetan regions of Garzê and Aba, China: a longitudinal survey

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Blood Service in a Region of China’s Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Blood Service in a Region of China’s Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Population-based projections of blood supply and demand, China, 2017–2036

Analysis and evaluation of blood screening testing strategies in Nagqu, Tibet: one of the highest cities in world

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