Blood Supply of the Optic Nerve Head

Hayreh, Sohan Singh

doi:10.1159/000310727

Cited by 65 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…38 As the arterial circle is the main arterial source for the lamina cribrosa blood supply, 39,40 it has been discussed whether the high axial myopia induced increased distance between the arterial circle, and the lamina cribrosa may be of importance for the pathogenesis of an increased glaucoma susceptibility in highly myopic eyes.…”

Section: Optic Nerve Headmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological changes of high axial myopia

Jonas

2013

Eye

132

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To describe pathological changes in the anatomy of highly myopic (axially elongated) eyes, enucleated globes were examined by light microscopy and ocular structures were measured histomorphometrically. These studies revealed that highly axially myopic eyes show continuous thinning of the sclera starting at or behind the equator with a maximal thinning at the posterior pole; a profound thinning of the choroid decreasing from B250 to o10 mm in extreme axial myopia, secondary macular defects in the Bruch's membrane associated with a complete loss of retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaris, and retinal photoreceptors; a Bruch's membrane of normal thickness in contrast to the profound thinning of the choroid and the sclera; an up to 10-fold elongation and thinning of the peripapillary scleral flange as anterior roof of the orbital cerebrospinal fluid space, and subsequently a retrobulbar extension of the cerebrospinal fluid space; an increased distance of the peripapillary arterial circle of Zinn-Haller to the optic disc border; an elongation and thinning of the lamina cribrosa with a subsequently decreased distance between the intraocular pressure compartment and the retrobulbar orbital cerebrospinal fluid pressure compartment; an increasing exposure of the peripheral posterior lamina cribrosa surface to the cerebrospinal fluid space, no longer buffered by the solid optic nerve tissue; and the development and enlargement of parapapillary gamma zone, in contrast to a myopia-independent parapapillary beta zone. These anatomical changes may be associated with high axial myopia-related complications such as an increased susceptibility of glaucomatous optic neuropathy and myopic retinopathy.

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Section: Optic Nerve Headmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological changes of high axial myopia

Jonas

2013

Eye

132

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“…The optic nerve vascular supply varies depending on the region. 10,[59][60][61][62][63][64][65] The superficial nerve fiber layer is supplied principally from the arterioles in the adjacent retina, which derive from the central retinal artery. The central retinal artery usually does not contribute to either the prelaminar or laminar region, although it may contribute minimally to the retrolaminar region.…”

Section: Optic Nerve Vascular Anatomy and Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ischemic model of optic nerve injury

Cioffi

2006

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Peripapillary circulatory disturbances are important in the pathogenesis of vascular glaucoma [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. In glaucoma a high prevalence of watershed zones was discovered with fluorescein angiography [4,5,8], as well as a slow blood refreshment rate of the peripapillary choroid with scanning laser angiography [1,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%