“…On the other hand, state‐owned Asian firms (Chen & Al‐Najjar, 2012; Ding, Jia, Wu, & Zhang, 2014; Mak & Li, 2001) and other Western firms controlled by founders (e.g., Daily & Dalton, 1992; Sur, Lvina, & Magnan, 2013), other corporations (Chauhan et al, 2016; Sur et al, 2013), institutional investors (e.g., D'Amato & Gallo, 2017; Schmidt & Fahlenbrach, 2017; Sundaramurthy, Rechner, & Wang, 1996), and VCs (Filatotchev, 2006) have less independent boards. Chauhan et al (2016), however, do not find any significant relationship between founder ownership and board independence in Indian firms. The inconclusive relationships suggest that the notion of what constitutes an independent board and its practical implementation may vary across countries.…”