Bodrum–Kos (Turkey–Greece) Mw 6.6 earthquake and tsunami of 20 July 2017: a test for the Mediterranean tsunami warning system

Heidarzadeh, Mohammad; Necmioğlu, Öcal; Ishibe, Takeo; Yalçıner, Ahmet Cevdet

doi:10.1186/s40562-017-0097-0

Cited by 54 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Heidarzadeh et al 2015). For instance, the July 2017 M w 6.6 earthquake in Turkey-Greece generated tsunami waves with peak energy at periods of 7-13 min (Heidarzadeh et al 2017). Additional lower frequency oscillations with a period of about 50 min are also evident in the f-t diagrams of Dayyer and Asaluyeh, in agreement with what was seen in the spectra at the corresponding stations ( Fig.…”

Section: Spectral and Wavelet Analysessupporting

confidence: 80%

Meteorological Tsunami of 19 March 2017 in the Persian Gulf: Observations and Analyses

Heidarzadeh

Šepić

Rabinovich

et al. 2019

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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On 19 March 2017, destructive tsunami-like waves impacted the northeast shore of the Persian Gulf (PG). The maximum surveyed runup of about 3 m was observed at Dayyer in southern Iran, where damaging waves inundated the land for a distance of * 1 km and resulted in the deaths of five people. Because the PG has always been considered safe from extreme oceanic waves, the event was totally unexpected. In this study, we examined sea level data from 12 stations across the PG and a variety of meteorological information, including satellite imagery, high-altitude isohypse maps and high-resolution air pressure records from 47 instruments along the PG. Our results show that the event was very local, with recorded maximum trough-to-crest wave heights of 197 cm at Dayyer and 234 cm at Asaluyeh, nearfield cities in Iran located * 80 km apart. The dominant wave periods were in the range of 15-20 min. At all distant tide gauges, the observed wave heights were \ 35 cm. No earthquakes or landslides were evident at the time of the event. On the other hand, atmospheric processes during 18-22 March were very active and 10 distinctive tsunamigenic air pressure disturbances were observed propagating over the PG, suggesting that the event of 19 March 2017 was a ''meteorological tsunami''. Atmospheric conditions over the PG were highly favourable for the generation of meteotsunamis and very similar to those that caused a chain of strong meteotsunamis in the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions during 23-27 June 2014. Based on the 500 hPa wind, we evaluated that the disturbances had propagation speeds of 21-38 m/s, with the disturbance at Dayyer having a speed of * 26 m/s toward 77°T rue. The Froude number, Fr (estimated as the ratio of the air disturbance speed to the long wave speed), on 19 March 2017 in the Dayyer/Asaluyeh region was close to resonance, Fr * 0.9 to 1.1, which is highly favourable for meteotsunami generation. Our findings indicate that the Dayyer/Asaluyeh area is a ''hot spot'' that is highly vulnerable to extreme, weather-induced tsunami-like waves.

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Section: Spectral and Wavelet Analysessupporting

confidence: 80%

Meteorological Tsunami of 19 March 2017 in the Persian Gulf: Observations and Analyses

Heidarzadeh

Šepić

Rabinovich

et al. 2019

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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“…1). The latter event was followed by a damaging tsunami (Dogan et al, 2019;Heidarzadeh et al, 2017;Karasözen et al, 2018). Some unusual observations were reported following the 30 October 2020 tsunami including longlasting tsunami oscillations, which were over a day, and an unusual tsunami run-up height of 3.8 m which are not usually expected from an M w 7.0 normalfaulting earthquake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…For Greece, the maximum runup was 3.4 m, measured on the north coast of Samos Island (Triantafyllou et al, 2021). The October 2020 tsunami was an important event and gained high media attention as it was a fresh call for strengthening tsunami preparation, mitigation, and awareness in the highly seismic zone of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea regions (Heidarzadeh & Gusman, 2021;Heidarzadeh et al, 2017Heidarzadeh et al, , 2019Ozel et al, 2011;Papadopoulos et al, 2020;Triantafyllou et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Tsunami Oscillations Following the 30 October 2020 Mw 7.0 Aegean Sea Earthquake: Observations and Modelling

Heidarzadeh

Pranantyo

Okuwaki

et al. 2021

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Eastern Mediterranean Sea has experienced four tsunamigenic earthquakes since 2017, which delivered moderate damage to coastal communities in Turkey and Greece. The most recent of these tsunamis occurred on 30 October 2020 in the Aegean Sea, which was generated by an Mw 7.0 normal-faulting earthquake, offshore Izmir province (Turkey) and Samos Island (Greece). The earthquake was destructive and caused death tolls of 117 and 2 in Turkey and Greece, respectively. The tsunami produced moderate damage and killed one person in Turkey. Due to the semi-enclosed nature of the Aegean Sea basin, any tsunami perturbation in this sea is expected to trigger several basin oscillations. Here, we study the 2020 tsunami through sea level data analysis and numerical simulations with the aim of further understanding tsunami behavior in the Aegean Sea. Analysis of data from available tide gauges showed that the maximum zero-to-crest tsunami amplitude was 5.1–11.9 cm. The arrival times of the maximum tsunami wave were up to 14.9 h after the first tsunami arrivals at each station. The duration of tsunami oscillation was from 19.6 h to > 90 h at various tide gauges. Spectral analysis revealed several peak periods for the tsunami; we identified the tsunami source periods as 14.2–23.3 min. We attributed other peak periods (4.5 min, 5.7 min, 6.9 min, 7.8 min, 9.9 min, 10.2 min and 32.0 min) to non-source phenomena such as basin and sub-basin oscillations. By comparing surveyed run-up and coastal heights with simulated ones, we noticed the north-dipping fault model better reproduces the tsunami observations as compared to the south-dipping fault model. However, we are unable to choose a fault model because the surveyed run-up data are very limited and are sparsely distributed. Additional researches on this event using other types of geophysical data are required to determine the actual fault plane of the earthquake.

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“…The tsunami which hit Messina and the coasts of Sicily and Calabria on 28 December 1908, as a consequence of a submarine slide induced by a devastating earthquake, can be considered among the most destructive events to occur in the Mediterranean basin [4]. More recently, on 20 July 2017, a 6.6 magnitude earthquake in the East Aegean Sea triggered a tsunami having a maximum run-up of about 1.9 m which reached several coastal places such as Bodrum and Kos, causing extensive inundations [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Characterization of Meteotsunamis in the Gulf of Genoa

Picco¹,

Schiano

Incardone³

et al. 2019

JMSE

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A long-term time series of high-frequency sampled sea-level data collected in the port of Genoa were analyzed to detect the occurrence of meteotsunami events and to characterize them. Time-frequency analysis showed well-developed energy peaks on a 26–30 minute band, which are an almost permanent feature in the analyzed signal. The amplitude of these waves is generally few centimeters but, in some cases, they can reach values comparable or even greater than the local tidal elevation. In the perspective of sea-level rise, their assessment can be relevant for sound coastal work planning and port management. Events having the highest energy were selected for detailed analysis and the main features were identified and characterized by means of wavelet transform. The most important one occurred on 14 October 2016, when the oscillations, generated by an abrupt jump in the atmospheric pressure, achieved a maximum wave height of 50 cm and lasted for about three hours.

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Bodrum–Kos (Turkey–Greece) Mw 6.6 earthquake and tsunami of 20 July 2017: a test for the Mediterranean tsunami warning system

Cited by 54 publications

References 44 publications

Meteorological Tsunami of 19 March 2017 in the Persian Gulf: Observations and Analyses

Meteorological Tsunami of 19 March 2017 in the Persian Gulf: Observations and Analyses

Long Tsunami Oscillations Following the 30 October 2020 Mw 7.0 Aegean Sea Earthquake: Observations and Modelling

Detection and Characterization of Meteotsunamis in the Gulf of Genoa

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