Body Asymmetries in Young Male Road Cyclists

Rauter, Samo; Vodičar, Janez; Šimenko, Jožef

doi:10.4067/s0717-95022017000300018

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The following areas have been investigated: weight categories, the optimal proportion of fat free mass and fat mass (Franchini et al, 2011;Mala et al, 2015b), the dimensions of body segments (Franchini et al), dietary habits, and the effects of fast body weight loss on sport performance (Ljubisavljevic et al, 2015;Mala et al, 2016). Only a few studies have covered morphological symmetry and asymmetry in the bodies of athletes Rauter et al, 2017) and specifically, morphological asymmetry among athletes competing in combat sports Krstulovic et al, 2017;Mala et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Composition and Morphological Limbs Asymmetry in Competitors in Six Martial Arts

et al. 2019

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MALA, L.; MALY, T.; CABELL, L.; CECH, P; HANK, M.; COUFALOVA, K. & ZAHALKA, F. Body composition and morphological limbs asymmetry in competitors in six martial arts. Int. J. Morphol., 37(2):568-575, 2019. SUMMARY:The aim of this study was to compare body composition (BC) and morphological symmetry differences among elite athletes (n = 132) in six martial arts (judo, karate, fencing, wrestling, taekwondo, kickboxing). Multivariate analysis of variances (MANOVA) was used to compare the following variables: absolute (FFM) and relative (FFM rel ) value of fat free mass, percentage of fat mass (FMp), bone mass, protein mass, basal metabolic rate, absolute (TBW) and percentual (TBWp) value of total body water, segmental proportion of muscle mass, phase angle, and percent-age differences between the upper and lower limbs. MANOVA revealed significant differences in BC among the groups (λ = 0.01, F 104,256 = 10.01, p< 0.01, ηp 2 = 0.67). No significant differences were observed for FM p , FFM rel , and TBW p (p>0.05). In all other BC variables, significant differences were detected (p<0.05). The comparison of paired differences between limbs revealed significantly greater fluid volume in the preferred arm compared to the non-preferred arm in karate and fencing athletes. Significant differences (p<0.05) in favour of the preferred leg in all combat athletes were detected. This study revealed morphological differences among practitioners of different martial arts and between paired limbs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Composition and Morphological Limbs Asymmetry in Competitors in Six Martial Arts

et al. 2019

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“…This was achieved as evidenced by the pressure gradients between legs showing absolute differences of only 1.4 and 2.7 mmHg for the control and symmetrical garments, respectively, and the corresponding absolute differences in peak pressure at the ankle were also small (0.6 and 0.2 mmHg, respectively). Previous research has found size and symmetry differences between legs, in male cyclists of up to 2% at the calf and knee [21]. As commercially available compression garments are made assuming the geometry of both legs is the same, this may lead to an inconsistent fit on an individuals' legs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is common to have size and shape differences between dominant and non-dominant legs. Rauter et al [21] showed knee and calf circumferences to differ between left and right legs in young, male road cyclists. Such leg asymmetry could result in commercially available compression garments eliciting more pressure on one leg than the other, as well as providing an inconsistent fit between participants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Customised pressure profiles of made-to-measure sports compression garments

et al. 2021

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The purpose of this study was to make made-to-measure compression garments that elicit pressures within and below clinical standards. The study also examined whether pressures and gradients can be replicated within and between participants’ legs, and between separate compression garment conditions. Ten males volunteered to participate. Based on three-dimensional scans of the participants’ lower body, three different made-to-measure garments were manufactured: control, symmetrical and asymmetrical. Garment pressures were assessed from the malleolus to the gluteal fold using a pressure monitoring device. A root mean squared difference analysis was used to calculate the in vivo linear graduation parameters. Linear regression showed that peak pressure at the ankle in the left and right leg were: control garment, 13.5 ± 2.3 and 12.9 ± 2.6; asymmetrical garment, 12.7 ± 2.5 and 26.3 ± 3.4; symmetrical garment, 27.7 ± 2.2 and 27.5 ± 1.6 (all mmHg, mean ± standard deviation). Pressure reduction from the ankle to the gluteal fold in the left and right leg were: control, 8.9 ± 3.5 and 7.4 ± 3.0; asymmetrical, 7.8 ± 3.9 and 21.9 ± 3.2; symmetrical, 25.0 ± 4.1 and 22.3 ± 3.6 (all mmHg, mean ± standard deviation). Made-to-measure compression garments can be made to elicit pressures within and below clinical standards, and to elicit equivalent pressures and gradients in different participants.

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“…The measurement required no specific skill and took approximately 2 min per participant with “research mode” activated. This InBody 720 was extensively studied with regard to its reliability and validity, and reports showed appropriate to high metric characteristics in various samples, including physically active individuals and athletes [31,32,33].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Prevalence and Predictors of Injury Occurrence in Competitive Hip Hop Dancers: Prospective Analysis

Uršej

Sekulić

Prus

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Hip hop is a popular form of competitive and recreational sport worldwide, but studies rarely investigate injury prevalence and factors associated with injury occurrence in this sport. This study aimed to prospectively examine injury occurrence in hip hop dancers in a three-month period and to evaluate potential predictors of injury occurrence in hip hop dancers. The participants were 129 competitive hip hop dancers (114 females, 17.95 ± 4.15 years of age). Study predictors were obtained at study baseline and included sociodemographic factors, sport-related factors, previous injury status, anthropometric and body build indices (body height, mass, body mass index, and body composition variables), and dynamic balance performance (obtained by the Star Excursion Balance Test—SEBT). The outcome was injury occurrence, which was prospectively observed once a week by the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire (OSTRC). During the course of the study, 101 injuries occurred, equating to an annual injury incidence of 312%. On average, each dancer suffered 0.78 injuries (95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 0.61–0.97) across a study period of three months (0.76 (95% CI: 0.60–0.95) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.75–1.13), in females and males, respectively; Mann Whitney Z-value: 0.68, p = 0.52). Seventeen percent of dancers suffered multiple injuries, and 49% of all injuries were time-loss injuries. The knee was the most frequently injured body location (42% of all reported injuries), followed by the back region (32%) and the ankle (15%). Previous injury was a strong predictor of injury occurrence (Odds Ratio: 3.76, 95% CI: 1.87–4.59). Lower injury risk was evidenced among those participants who achieved better scores on several SEBT variables, irrespective of gender and previous injury status; with no significant influence of anthropometric and body build variables on injury occurrence. This study highlighted a high injury rate in hip hop dancers. Dancers and coaches should be informed about the certain protective effects of dynamic balance on the prevention of musculoskeletal injury in hip hop in order to assure safe and effective practices. The usage of SEBT as a convenient and cheap testing procedure is encouraged in other dance disciplines.

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Body Asymmetries in Young Male Road Cyclists

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Body Composition and Morphological Limbs Asymmetry in Competitors in Six Martial Arts

Body Composition and Morphological Limbs Asymmetry in Competitors in Six Martial Arts

Customised pressure profiles of made-to-measure sports compression garments

Investigating the Prevalence and Predictors of Injury Occurrence in Competitive Hip Hop Dancers: Prospective Analysis

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