Body composition at farrowing and nutrition during lactation affect the performance of primiparous sows: II. Milk composition, milk yield, and pig growth.

Revell, Dean; Williams, Ian H.; Mullan, B.P.; Ranford, J.L.; Smits, R. J.

doi:10.2527/1998.7671738x

Cited by 61 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The present experiment indicates that a higher feed intake during pregnancy increases the amount of body reserves at farrowing but results in lower voluntary feed intake and higher mobilisation of body reserves during lactation in agreement with previous data [7,9,36,[40][41][42]. In these previous studies, backfat thickness in fat sows at farrowing was in a similar range to ours (26.0 mm vs. 29.2 mm in [7], 28.1 mm in [9], 24.3 mm in [35,36], 29.4 mm in [41], about 30.0 mm in [42]).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Influence of feed intake during pregnancy and lactation on fat body reserve mobilisation, plasma leptin and reproductive function of primiparous lactating sows

et al. 2001

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-From day 23 of pregnancy, 24 gilts received either a medium (M, n = 16) or a high (H, n = 8) level of feeding calculated to meet 115% or 190% of energy for maintenance, respectively. During lactation, all H sows were fed ad libitum (H-AL) whereas M sows were fed either ad libitum (M-AL, n = 8) or were restricted (M-RE, n = 8) to the amount of feed ingested by H-AL sows. Increased feed intake during pregnancy increased live weight, backfat thickness, and estimated body lipid and protein on days 4 and 25 of lactation (P < 0.05). It also resulted in lower feed intake and higher lipid mobilisation during lactation (P < 0.05) without a detrimental influence on milk production. Activities of malic enzyme and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from neck fat samples were higher in H than M sows on day 4 (P < 0.05). They decreased during lactation in H sows (P < 0.05). Mean diameter of adipocytes decreased during lactation in the 3 groups (P < 0.05) but did not differ between groups on days 4 and 25. Plasma leptin on days 4, 11, 18 and 25 was higher in H than in M sows (P < 0.05) but was not influenced by lactational feed intake. Neither measured characteristics of gonadotrophin secretion on day 22, nor of ovarian activity on day 26, were significantly influenced by the level of feeding during pregnancy or lactation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Influence of feed intake during pregnancy and lactation on fat body reserve mobilisation, plasma leptin and reproductive function of primiparous lactating sows

et al. 2001

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“…Similar results were reported by ESTIENNE et al (2000). REVELL et al (1998b) showed that during four weeks of lactation, the litters of lean sows grew 16 % faster than the piglets fed by sows with higher fat reserves (1.92 vs. 1.66 kg/day). In this study, litter birth weight was significantly higher in group I than in group II due to the difference in litter size.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Litter size increased from the first until the fifth parity. In an experiment performed by REVELL et al (1998b), smaller litters and more stillbirths were reported in obese sows than in lean ones. YOUNG et al (2004) did not observe any differences in the total number of births, live births, stillbirths, mummified fetuses and weaned piglets between fat and lean sows, but they noted that sows with a very high fat content were more likely to produce smaller litters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of the body condition of late pregnant sows on fat reserves at farrowing and weaning and on litter performance

Beyga

Rekiel

2010

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the body condition of late pregnant sows on fat reserves at farrowing and weaning, including the scale of the relevant changes in that period, and on the reproductive performance of sows and the results of piglet rearing.The experiment involved 97 hybrid sows (Polish Large White × Polish Landrace [PLW×PL]) divided into two groups, according to backfat thickness: I -(P2+P4)/2>20 mm (10 primiparous, 36 multiparous) and II -(P2+P4)/2≤20 mm (19 primiparous, 32 multiparous). It was carried out between pregnancy day 104 and weaning after 21 days of lactation. During late pregnancy, at weaning and at the end of lactation, the body weight of sows, fatness (points P1, P2, P3, P4) and longissimus muscle depth at point P4M were determined. Feed consumption during lactation, reproductive performance traits and the results of piglet rearing were also analyzed.Higher backfat thickness percentages and body weight noted in group I sows vs. group II sows (P≤0.001) during late pregnancy were maintained at farrowing and weaning. At weaning, the values of longissimus muscle depth were significantly (P≤0.001) higher in group II than in group I. The level of changes in fat reserves differed between late pregnancy and farrowing for P4 (P≤0.01) and (P2+P4)/2 (P≤0.001); fat reserve loss was noted in group I, while an increase in adipose tissue was observed in group II. Body weight losses (%) during late pregnancy and at weaning were non-significant in sows of both groups. Based on feed consumption levels, group I sows were characterized by a lower appetite during lactation than group II sows. A regular trend in feed intake was noted in lactating sows of both groups: feed consumption increased in week 2, compared with week 1, while a decrease was noted in week 3 in comparison with week 2. Significant differences were reported in favour of group I vs. II (P≤0.05) as regards the piglets stillborn, litter weight at weaning, the average piglet weight at weaning and placental weight. Multiparous sows as compared to primiparous sows were characterized by significantly (P≤0.05) larger total number of piglets born and the number of piglets born alive. The difference in the litter weight at birth was found to be highly significant (P≤0.01).

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“…During the lactation period, the major changes were observed in the ash fraction which increased by 35%. Several studies have been reported on sows' milk composition (Klobasa et al, 1987;Revell et al, 1998;Alston-Mills et al, 2000), most of which focused on evaluating the protein, fat and lactose milk content. However, there is little information on the mineral composition of the sow milk, and none related to IB sows' milk.…”

Section: Milk Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of milk minerals by Iberian suckling piglets

Castellano

Aguinaga

Nieto

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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Little information is available concerning mineral metabolism in suckling piglets. The utilization of milk minerals and the mineral composition of Iberian (IB) suckling piglets were studied in two consecutive experiments at different ambient temperatures (trial 1, 27 ± 2°C; trial 2, 22 ± 2°C). Milk composition and the piglets' performance were determined weekly over a 34 days lactation period and, at the end, body mineral contents were analyzed and mineral retention and bioavailability were calculated. The ash content in IB sows' milk and in suckling IB piglets was found to be higher than that reported for lean genotypes. During lactation, mean ash content per unit of body weight gain in IB piglets (40.6 g kg -1 ) was 42% higher than that observed for lean breeds, and weaned IB piglets contained 60% more Ca (11-12.7 g kg -1 empty body weight) and P (7-7.5 g kg -1 empty body weight), compared with conventional pigs. Minerals from milk were retained by the IB piglet with an overall efficiency of 78.3%, 66.3% and 48.7% for Ca, P and Mg, respectively. Significant differences between trials were observed in the mineral fraction composition of the milk, which were reflected in piglet body composition at weaning, presumably due to differences in ambient temperature. Present findings underline genotype differences in mineral composition of sow's milk and suckling piglets and may provide a useful starting point for formulating milk-replacer diets for IB piglets.

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Body composition at farrowing and nutrition during lactation affect the performance of primiparous sows: II. Milk composition, milk yield, and pig growth.

Cited by 61 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of feed intake during pregnancy and lactation on fat body reserve mobilisation, plasma leptin and reproductive function of primiparous lactating sows

Influence of feed intake during pregnancy and lactation on fat body reserve mobilisation, plasma leptin and reproductive function of primiparous lactating sows

The effect of the body condition of late pregnant sows on fat reserves at farrowing and weaning and on litter performance

Utilization of milk minerals by Iberian suckling piglets

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