Body Composition, Dietary, and Gustatory Function Assessment in People With Alzheimer’s Disease

Martín, Ismael San Mauro; Barato, Víctor Paredes; Oliva, Sara López; Rodríguez, Marta Suárez; Yurrita, Luis Collado; Cabañas, María José Ciudad; Rojo, Sara Sanz; Calle, Licia de la; Díaz, Elena Ávila; Santos, Yaiza; Pascual, Paloma Elortegui; Nieto, Marta Villanueva; Vilar, Elena Garicano

doi:10.1177/1533317518782173

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…So far, the association between these two dietary patterns and AD remains controversial. Several studies demonstrated that Mediterranean diet and MIND diet contributed to the cognitive function of AD patients as well as old adults ( 43 , 44 ). For example, a parallel-group randomized clinical trial of 447 cognitively healthy subjects from Spain (mean age 66.9 years) found that Mediterranean diet improved cognitive function of subjects ( 45 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation into the potential association between nutrition and Alzheimer’s disease

He,

Lian,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundMalnutrition is the most common nutritional issue in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, but there is still a lack of a comprehensive evaluation of the nutritional status in AD patients. This study aimed to determine the potential association of various nutritional indices with AD at different stages.MethodsSubjects, including individuals with normal cognition (NC) and patients diagnosed with AD, were consecutively enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Demographics, body composition, dietary patterns, nutritional assessment scales and nutrition-related laboratory variables were collected. Binary logistics regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to indicate the association between nutrition-related variables and AD at different stages.ResultsTotals of 266 subjects, including 73 subjects with NC, 72 subjects with mild cognitive impairment due to AD (AD-MCI) and 121 subjects with dementia due to AD (AD-D) were included. There was no significant difference in dietary patterns, including Mediterranean diet and Mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet between the three groups. Lower BMI value, smaller hip and calf circumferences, lower Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) scores, and lower levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, and apolipoprotein A1 were associated with AD (all p < 0.05). Total protein and albumin levels had the greatest ability to distinguish AD from non-AD (AUC 0.80, 95% CI 0.74–0.84, p < 0.001), increased by combining calf circumference, MNA score and albumin level (AUC 0.83, 95% CI 0.77–0.88, p < 0.001). Albumin level had the greatest ability to distinguish NC from AD-MCI (AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.67–0.82, p < 0.001), and MNA score greatest ability to distinguish AD-MCI from AD-D (AUC 0.72, 95% CI 0.65–0.78, p < 0.001).ConclusionNutritional status of AD patients is significantly compromised compared with normal controls, and tends to be worsened with AD progresses. Early identification and intervention of individuals with nutritional risk or malnutrition may be significantly beneficial for reducing the risk, development, and progression of AD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation into the potential association between nutrition and Alzheimer’s disease

He,

Lian,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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“…Such cases include people who have Alzheimer’s disease. The onset of malnutrition in those people is a common phenomenon and contributes to the acceleration of disease progression [ 33 , 34 ]. Malnutrition, in their case, is affected, not only by age-related changes, but also by the disease itself.…”

Section: Nutrition In the Prevention And Alzheimer’s Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also been proven that these people are more likely to experience a decrease in taste function, contributing to a reduction in the number of meals consumed [ 33 ]. An important aspect in their case is also a change in eating habits.…”

Section: Nutrition In the Prevention And Alzheimer’s Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Diet in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Research Requirements

et al. 2022

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Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive brain disease that is becoming a major health problem in today’s world due to the aging population. Despite it being widely known that diet has a significant impact on the prevention and progression of Alzheimer’s disease, the literature data are still scarce and controversial. The application of the principles of rational nutrition for the elderly is suggested for Alzheimer’s disease. The diet should be rich in neuroprotective nutrients, i.e., antioxidants, B vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Some studies suggest that diets such as the Mediterranean diet, the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, and the MIND (Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) diet have a beneficial effect on the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.

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“…5 Accordingly, increased WC is a risk factor for metabolic and related disorders including diabetes, hypertension, and coronary artery disease independent of overall adiposity levels, 6 and studies suggest that it may more accurately identify individuals at particularly high diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk than traditional measures of adiposity-like body mass index (BMI). 7,8 Furthermore, increased WC may also have adverse effects on the brain in otherwise healthy people and in those with other neurologic diseases besides MS. 9,10 For example, increasing WC correlates with lower gray matter volumes in the general population and predicts more rapid future cognitive decline among individuals with Alzheimer’s disease irrespective of overall adiposity level. 9,10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,8 Furthermore, increased WC may also have adverse effects on the brain in otherwise healthy people and in those with other neurologic diseases besides MS. 9,10 For example, increasing WC correlates with lower gray matter volumes in the general population and predicts more rapid future cognitive decline among individuals with Alzheimer’s disease irrespective of overall adiposity level. 9,10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measures of general and abdominal obesity and disability severity in a large population of people with multiple sclerosis

et al. 2019

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Background: Metabolic comorbidity is overrepresented in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and is associated with adverse MS outcomes. Excess visceral adiposity, approximated using waist circumference (WC), is a risk factor for metabolic comorbidity and predicts poorer outcomes in other neurologic diseases. Objective: To evaluate the association between WC and clinical and disease characteristics in people with MS. Methods: North American Research Committee on MS (NARCOMS) registry participants reported height and weight (used to calculate body mass index (BMI)) and were mailed a tape measure with instructions to measure WC. We considered WC continuously and used cut-points derived from the abdominal obesity criteria for the metabolic syndrome (men: WC ⩾ 40 in; women: WC ⩾ 35 in). We assessed the association between WC and disability (Patient-Determined Disease Steps) and symptom severity (validated scales) using multivariable-adjusted multinomial models. Results: Of 6367 responders with MS, we included 5832 (92%). Of these, 3181 (55%) reported WC meeting criteria for the abdominal obesity component of metabolic syndrome. In multivariable models adjusting for overall obesity status, WC was associated with 47% increased odds of severe versus mild disability (odds ratio (OR): 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22–1.78). Conclusions: Increased WC is associated with more severe disability, even after adjusting for overall obesity in this large cross-sectional survey.

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Body Composition, Dietary, and Gustatory Function Assessment in People With Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract: Patients with AD show worst outcomes in terms of anthropometric measurements, lifestyle habits (diet, exercise), and gustatory function than controls.

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

An investigation into the potential association between nutrition and Alzheimer’s disease

An investigation into the potential association between nutrition and Alzheimer’s disease

Diet in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Research Requirements

Measures of general and abdominal obesity and disability severity in a large population of people with multiple sclerosis

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