Body fat distribution in trunk and legs are associated with cardiometabolic risk clustering among Chinese adolescents aged 10–18 years old

Yang, Qingmei; Ma, Ping; Zhang, Hao; Cai, Rongrong; Dong, Yangyang; Ding, Wenqing

doi:10.1515/jpem-2020-0533

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Although several studies have shown that fat distribution might be as relevant as total fat mass in stratifying the cardiovascular risk (11,55), to our knowledge, no studies have found differences in FFMI of upper and lower limbs in relation to vascular properties. Accordingly, while increased levels of lower limb fat mass would work as a protective factor of cardiovascular disease in children, adolescents, and adults (53), increased arm fat mass was strongly associated with CRFs in women (59). Further studies, considering segmental body composition characteristics and cardiovascular properties are needed to further clarify these observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Our data suggest that variations in total body fat mass or central fat mass (trunk) are associated (albeit weakly) with changes in arterial properties. Evidence has suggested that trunk fat mass as well as abdominal obesity should be considered as real CRFs (35,37,52,53). Indeed, trunk fat mass and abdominal fat have shown a strong correlation between each other in adult women (54).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fat-Free Mass Index, Visceral Fat Level, and Muscle Mass Percentage Better Explain Deviations From the Expected Value of Aortic Pressure and Structural and Functional Arterial Properties Than Body Fat Indexes

et al. 2022

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Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived indexes [e.g., fat (FMI) and fat-free mass indexes (FFMI), visceral fat level (VFL)] are used to characterize obesity as a cardiovascular risk factor (CRF). The BIA-derived index that better predicts arterial variability is still discussed.AimsTo determine: (1) the association of classical [weight, height, body mass index (BMI), basal metabolic rate (BMR)] and BIA-derived indexes, with arterial properties deviations from expected values (arterial z-scores); (2) maximum arterial variations attributable to BIA-derived indexes; (3) whether the composition of total body, trunk and/or limbs is most closely associated with arterial variations.MethodsHemodynamic, structural, and functional parameters of different histological types of arteries were assessed (n = 538, 7–85 years). Classical and BIA-derived indexes [fat mass and percentage, FMI, VFL, muscle mass percentage (PMM), FFMI, and percentage] were measured (mono- and multi-segmental devices). Arterial z-scores were obtained using age-related equations derived from individuals not-exposed to CRFs (n = 1,688).ResultsFirst, regardless of the classical index considered, the associations with the arterial properties showed a specific hierarchy order: diameters and local stiffness > aortic and brachial blood pressure (BP) > regional stiffness. Second, all the associations of FMI and FFMI with z-scores were positive. Third, FFMI exceeded the association obtained with BMI and BMR, considering structural z-scores. In contrast, FMI did not exceed the association with z-scores achieved by BMI and BMR. Fourth, regardless of CRFs and classical indexes, arterial z-scores would be mainly explained by FFMI, VFL, and PMM. Fifth, regardless of the body-segment considered, the levels of association between FMI and z-scores did not exceed those found for classic and FFMI. Total fat mass and trunk indexes showed a greater strength of association with z-scores than the FMI of limbs. Sixth, compared to lower limb FFMI indexes, total and upper limbs FFMI showed higher levels of association with z-scores.ConclusionsFFMI (but not FMI) exceeded the strength of association seen between BMI or BMR and structural z-scores. Regardless of the body segment analyzed, the associations between FMI and z-scores did not exceed those found with classic and FFMI. Arterial z-scores could be independently explained by FFMI, VFL, and PMM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat-Free Mass Index, Visceral Fat Level, and Muscle Mass Percentage Better Explain Deviations From the Expected Value of Aortic Pressure and Structural and Functional Arterial Properties Than Body Fat Indexes

et al. 2022

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“…Body mass index (BMI) is an indicator that is commonly used to diagnose obesity, but measuring body composition is a better tool for diagnosing obesity because it gives information on body fat mass while BMI makes no distinction between adipose tissue and lean mass 7 . Fat distribution in the body is also an important factor in determining the risk of chronic metabolic diseases 8 . Waist circumference, waist to hip, and waist to height ratios are indicators of abdominal obesity that can be used along with BMI to give more information about obesity 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet with cardiometabolic risk factors: a cross-sectional study on PERSIAN cohort study in Fasa

Bagheri,

Nouri,

Homayounfar

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The relationship between Mediterranean diet and obesity-related markers is a matter of debate. We investigated the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and anthropometric indices, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranian population. The cross-sectional study was performed on data of 3386 participants from Fasa PERSIAN cohort study. The Mediterranean diet score (MDS) was calculated based on consumption of 11 food groups (unrefined cereals, potatoes, fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish, red meat, poultry, dairy, olive oil, and alcoholic beverages). The association between MDS and cardiometabolic risk factors was examined by linear regression analysis. MDS was inversely associated with waist circumference (β = − 1.11; P = 0.033), waist-to-hip ratio (β = − 0.007; P = 0.011), waist-to-height ratio (β = − 0.009; P = 0.015), fasting glucose (β = − 3.59; P = 0.001), and HDL-cholesterol (β = − 0.96; P = 0.031) in unadjusted model. After adjusting for energy intake, the associations of MDS with markers of abdominal obesity and HDL-cholesterol disappeared. In fully adjusted model, MDS showed inverse relationships with waist-to-hip ratio (β = − 0.005; P = 0.037) and fasting glucose (β = − 2.71; P = 0.013). In conclusion, MDS showed an inverse relationship with fasting glucose and waist-to-hip ratio. Since energy intake increased along with increasing MDS, adherence to the Mediterranean diet may associate with lower abdominal obesity and better glycemic control if an energy-controlled Mediterranean diet is used.

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“…The risk largely depends on the distribution of adipose tissue ( Santilli et al, 2017 ). Trunk fat and waist circumference (WC) are associated with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and multiple metabolic risk factors ( Xu et al, 2015 ; Yang et al, 2019 ; Yang et al, 2021 ). However, these findings may have been confounded by unmeasured confounding risk factors, including objectively measured physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, or other underlying medical conditions that were not captured appropriately.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetically predicted body fat mass and distribution with diabetic kidney disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Wang

Li²,

Mei³

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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The aim of this study is to apply a Mendelian randomization (MR) design to investigate the potential causal associations between the body mass index (BMI), body fat mass such as trunk fat mass and waist circumference (WC), and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). A two-sample MR study was conducted to obtain exposure and outcome data from previously published studies. The instrumental variables for BMI, trunk fat mass, and WC were selected from genome-wide association study datasets based on summary-level statistics. The random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used for the main analyses, and the weighted median and MR-Egger approaches were complementary. In total, three MR methods suggested that genetically predicted BMI, trunk fat mass, and WC were positively associated with DKD. Using IVW, we found evidence of causal relationships between BMI [odds ratio (OR) = 1.99; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.47–2.69; p = 7.89 × 10−6], trunk fat mass (OR = 1.80; 95% CI, 1.28–2.53; p = 6.84 × 10−4), WC (OR = 2.48; 95% CI, 1.40–4.42; p = 1.93 × 10−3), and DKD. MR-Egger and weighted median regression also showed directionally similar estimates. Both funnel plots and MR-Egger intercepts showed no directional pleiotropic effects involving the aforementioned variables and DKD. Our MR analysis supported the causal effect of BMI, trunk fat mass, and WC on DKD. Individuals can substantially reduce DKD risk by reducing body fat mass and modifying their body fat distribution.

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Body fat distribution in trunk and legs are associated with cardiometabolic risk clustering among Chinese adolescents aged 10–18 years old

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Fat-Free Mass Index, Visceral Fat Level, and Muscle Mass Percentage Better Explain Deviations From the Expected Value of Aortic Pressure and Structural and Functional Arterial Properties Than Body Fat Indexes

Fat-Free Mass Index, Visceral Fat Level, and Muscle Mass Percentage Better Explain Deviations From the Expected Value of Aortic Pressure and Structural and Functional Arterial Properties Than Body Fat Indexes

Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet with cardiometabolic risk factors: a cross-sectional study on PERSIAN cohort study in Fasa

Genetically predicted body fat mass and distribution with diabetic kidney disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

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