Body-image conffict following trauma and surgery

Henker, Fred O.

doi:10.1016/s0033-3182(79)73720-0

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Wright (1983) has theorized that positive psychological adjustment to a disability includes a decreased concern about the stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors of others. This theory is consistent with a report by Henker (1979) and our clinical observation that some individuals with amputations who have adjustment problems feel that others know about their disability and reject them because of it. However, with the exception of one study of stroke patients which found that those with higher levels of perceived social stigma made fewer gains in a rehabilitation program (Hyman, 1972), perceived social stigma has not been explored as a factor in adjustment to disability.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

“…The body image finding, by contrast, was a logical extension of previous research documenting a relationship between body image and depression in the general population (Thompson, 1990). Clinical reports have hypothesized that body image is a factor in adjustment to amputation (Frierson & Lippman, 1987; Henker, 1979; Racy, 1989) and other researchers have studied this relationship among individuals with other stigmatizing physical conditions (Klopp, 1990; Samonds & Cammermeyer, 1989; Williams & Johnston, 1983). However, only one study with colostomy patients confirmed the hypothesized connection between body image and depression (Klopp, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More specifically, the three-item measure assessed social discomfort resulting from body image concerns (e.g., Do you avoid being out in public because of your amputation and/or prosthesis?). Anecdotal reports have suggested a connection between a negative body image and psychological maladjustment to a leg amputation (Frierson & Lippman, 1987; Henker, 1979; Racy, 1989) but no standardized assessment of body image has been attempted. An early study (Noble, Price, & Gilder, 1954) found that when individuals, who were rated as poorly adjusted to their amputation, were given the projective Draw-A-Person Test they drew the missing limb as either larger or more exaggerated than individuals who were well adjusted.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body image, perceived social stigma, and the prediction of psychosocial adjustment to leg amputation.

Rybarczyk

Nyenhuis²,

Nicholas³

et al. 1995

Rehabilitation Psychology

168

140

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The hypothesis that body image and perceived social stigma would be important predictors of psychosocial adjustment to a leg amputation was tested in a sample of 112 clients from five prosthetic offices. Two scales were developed to measure body image disturbance resulting from an amputation and perceived social stigma (the individual’s perception that others hold negative attitudes about him or her due to the amputation). The two scales were internally consistent and only moderately correlated (r =.43). The CES-D depression scale, a quality-of-life scale, and prosthetist ratings were used to measure psychosocial adjustment. Regression analyses indicated that body image was a significant independent predictor of all three adjustment measures after controlling for the effects of age at the time of amputation, time since amputation, site of the amputation, self-rated health, and perceived social support. Perceived social stigma made a significant independent contribution to depression but did not qualify as an independent predictor for the other two measures of adjustment. Based on an established CES-D cutoff score, the overall rate of depression was 28%. Theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

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supporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body image, perceived social stigma, and the prediction of psychosocial adjustment to leg amputation.

Rybarczyk

Nyenhuis²,

Nicholas³

et al. 1995

Rehabilitation Psychology

168

140

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“…Numerous authors have emphasized the importance of changes in body-image following ampu tation (e.g. Henker, 1979). However, little attention has been paid to age-related developmental changes associated withbody-image.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Response to Amputation as a Function of Age and Time Since Amputation

Frank

Kashani

et al. 1984

Br J Psychiatry

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Much of what is known about the psychological response to amputation is derived from studies of veterans. Most recent amputees come from a different group; they are typically older and have experienced medical problems prior to their amputation. In order to investigate the effects of age and time since amputation on psychological response, 66 amputees were assessed by the Symptom Checklist-90, Beck Depression Inventory and interviewed. When classified by time since amputation and by age, the results indicate that older amputees exhibited less depression and fewer psychological symptoms: in contrast, younger amputees evidenced increased depression and psychological symptomatology the longer the time since their amputation.

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“…Similarly, Hastorf, Dornbusch and Richardson (1964) posit that children with physical disabilities view themselves in more negative terms than the able‐bodied. Henker (1949) observed that children with amputations suffered from sociological depression, anxiety and loss of self‐esteem. These findings are in line with the observations made in this article regarding students with physical disabilities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GUIDANCE: Development of a guidance programme for students with special educational needs in Kenya: a study on personal orientation

Wamocho¹,

Karugu²,

Nwoye³

2008

British J Special Edu

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In this article, Franciscah Wamocho, lecturer and chairperson, Geoffrey Karugu, senior lecturer, both in the Department of Special Education, and Augustine Nwoye, Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology, all from Kenyatta University in Nairobi, argue that people with disabilities are likely to need the support of counselling services. The study reported here sought to collect baseline data that could be used in designing a comprehensive guidance programme for students with disabilities in secondary phase special schools and vocational rehabilitation training centres in Kenya. A personal orientation inventory was employed to measure values and behaviours among 229 students with visual impairments, hearing impairments and physical disabilities. The results reveal that the students with special educational needs may be non-selfactualising. The trend suggests that students with special needs may be living in the past or future with a lot of regrets and negative sentiments. Taking account of insights derived from Maslow's theory of self-actualisation and other related literature, the findings of this study appear to reinforce the need for a guidance and counselling programme to be developed for students with special educational needs in Kenya. This study reveals the direction that such a programme could take if it is to be of benefit to a Kenyan clientele with special educational needs.

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Body-image conffict following trauma and surgery

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Body image, perceived social stigma, and the prediction of psychosocial adjustment to leg amputation.

Body image, perceived social stigma, and the prediction of psychosocial adjustment to leg amputation.

Psychological Response to Amputation as a Function of Age and Time Since Amputation

GUIDANCE: Development of a guidance programme for students with special educational needs in Kenya: a study on personal orientation

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