Body image flexibility contributes to explaining the link between body dissatisfaction and body appreciation in White college-bound females

Webb, Jennifer B.

doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2015.06.001

Cited by 65 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Interventions to increase self-compassion can reduce body shame (Albertson, 547 Neff, & Dill-Shackleford, 2014), which is a potential barrier to more fully actualizing adaptive 548 treatment effects, and is likely to coincide with high internalized weight stigma. Reducing body 549 shame and dissatisfaction in Western culture will involve teaching body image flexibility and 550 body appreciation, which involve relinquishing social norms for beauty, appreciating the bodyÕs 551 unique qualities, and approaching body image threats (e.g., external pressures to be thin) with 552 mindful awareness and self-compassion while pursuing meaningful and valued activities (Moore, 553 Masuda, Hill, & Goodnight, 2014;Sandoz, Wilson, Merwin, Kellum, 2013; Tylka & Wood-554 Barcalow 2015;Webb, 2015;Webb, Wood-Barcalow, & Tylka, 2015). 555 A l t h o u g h t h e p r e s e n t s t u d y o f f e r e d i m p o r t a n t f i n d i ngs regarding the benefits of a weight-556 neutral program for improving eating behavior, it is not without limitations.…”

Section: Internalized Weight Stigma Moderates Eating Behavior 23mentioning

confidence: 99%

Internalized weight stigma moderates eating behavior outcomes in women with high BMI participating in a healthy living program

2016

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT INTERNALIZED WEIGHT STIGMA MODERATES EATING BEHAVIOR 2 ! Abstract 36Weight stigma is a significant socio-structural barrier to reducing health disparities and 37 improving quality of life for higher weight individuals. The aim of this study was to examine the 38 impact of internalized weight stigma on eating behaviors after participating in a randomized 39 controlled trial comparing the health benefits of a weight-neutral program to a conventional 40 weight-management program for 80 community women with high body mass index (BMI > 30, 41 age range: 30-45). Programs involved 6 months of facilitator-guided weekly group meetings 42 using structured manuals. Assessments occurred at baseline, post-intervention (6 months), and 43 24-months post-randomization. Eating behavior outcome measurements included the Eating 44Disorder Examination-Questionnaire and the Intuitive Eating Scale. Intention-to-treat linear 45 mixed models were used to test for higher-order interactions between internalized weight stigma, 46 group, and time. Findings revealed significant 3-way and 2-way interactions between 47 internalized weight stigma, group, and time for disordered and adaptive eating behaviors, 48 respectively. Only weight-neutral program participants with low internalized weight stigma 49 improved global disordered eating scores. Participants from both programs with low internalized 50 weight stigma improved adaptive eating at 6 months, but only weight-neutral program 51 participants maintained changes at follow-up. Participants with high internalized weight stigma 52 demonstrated no changes in disordered and adaptive eating, regardless of program. In order to 53 enhance the overall benefit from weight-neutral approaches, these findings underscore the need 54 to incorporate more innovative and direct methods to reduce internalized weight stigma for 55 women with high BMI. 56Key Words: internalized weight stigma, disordered eating, intuitive eating, obesity, 57 health at every size, conventional weight-management 58 obesity is a pervasive stigmatization of people with a higher weight statusÑa stigmatization that 63 is on the rise among adults and children (Andreyeva, Puhl, & Brownell, 2008; Harriger, 64 Calogero, Witherington, & Smith, 2010;Latner & Stunkard, 2003). Indeed, weight 65 discrimination has been well-documented in educational, workplace, and healthcare settings 66 (e.g., Giel, Thiel, Teufel, Mayer, & Zipfel, 2010;Neumark-Sztainer, Story, & Harr...

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Section: Internalized Weight Stigma Moderates Eating Behavior 23mentioning

confidence: 99%

Internalized weight stigma moderates eating behavior outcomes in women with high BMI participating in a healthy living program

2016

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“…For example, Mancuso ( 2016 ) reported that body image inflexibility mediated the relationship between BID and both experiential avoidance and appearance-fixing in 156 women, meaning those with greater body image flexibility were less likely to employ these maladaptive coping strategies. Similarly Webb ( 2015 ) identified that older adolescent girls with greater body image psychological inflexibility were less likely to engage in body appreciation behaviours, and that this held when controlling for body mass index (BMI). In an obese sample, psychological flexibility and weight self-stigma was found to significantly predict health-related quality of life (Lillis et al 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Body Image Dissatisfaction and Weight Self-Stigma in Adults

Griffiths

Williamson

Zucchelli

et al. 2018

J Contemp Psychother

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Body image dissatisfaction (BID) and weight self-stigma are prevalent and associated with physical and psychological ill-health. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is increasingly employed for both, yet little is known about its effectiveness. Searches of 12 databases identified six studies using online, face-to-face or self-help ACT interventions for BID or weight self-stigma, of varying duration and intensity. Their effectiveness and quality were evaluated. Two reported improved BID, three improved weight self-stigma, and one reported no impact on weight self-stigma. Methodological issues (small sample sizes, lack of allocation concealment, attention control and long-term follow up) impacted the validity of findings. Due to the small number of studies and poor study quality, the effectiveness of ACT for BID and weight self-stigma remains unclear. Nonetheless findings suggest psychological flexibility may facilitate reduction in BID and weight self-stigma and indicate that brief online as well as lengthy face-to-face delivery may be useful. Suggestions for further research are made.

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“…Psychologically flexible individuals have the ability to mindfully experience their body image dissatisfaction for what it is-fleeting thoughts and feelings that come and go, that do not have to interfere with meaningful, valued action (Hayes, Luoma, Bond, Masuda, & Lillis, 2006;Sandoz, Wilson, Merwin, & Kellum, 2013). In a recent study with college-bound females, Webb (2015) showed that body image flexibility partially mediated the link between body dissatisfaction and body appreciation. Webb operationalized body dissatisfaction (the predictor) using different measures of body size real-ideal discrepancy, and conceptualized body appreciation (the outcome variable) as value-consistent action.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Research focused on the potential benefits of body image flexibility has been gaining attention in the last few years (Duarte & Pinto-Gouveia, 2016;Mancuso, 2016;Webb, 2015). Body image flexibility has primarily been measured by the Body Image-Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (BI-AAQ), which consists of 12 items assessing the extent to which people are flexible with respect to negative thoughts and emotions about their bodies, and are able to engage in valued activity despite the difficult internal experiences about their body image (Sandoz et al, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Body Image–Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–5: An Abbreviation Using Genetic Algorithms

2018

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Body image concerns are typically linked with negative outcomes such as disordered eating and diminished well-being, but some people can exhibit psychological flexibility and remain committed to their valued goals despite being dissatisfied about their bodies. Such flexibility is most frequently measured by the Body Image-Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (BI-AAQ). This study used a recently validated, fully automated method based on genetic algorithms (GAs) on data from an American community sample (N=538, 71.5% female, Age: M = 40.87, SD = 13.5) to abbreviate the 12-item BI-AAQ to a 5-item short form, BI-AAQ-5. Validation tests were conducted on data from an independent community sample (N 762, 44.6% female, Age: M = 40.65, SD = 13.06). The short form performed comparably to the long form in terms of its factor structure and correlations with theoretically relevant constructs, including body image dissatisfaction, stigma, internalization of societal norms of appearance, self-compassion, and poor mental health. Further, preliminary analyses using structural equation modeling showed that body image flexibility, as measured by either the long or short form, was associated with almost all the criterion variables, even while controlling for a highly related construct of body image dissatisfaction. These results demonstrate the potential discriminant validity of both the long and short form of the BI-AAQ, and show that the BI-AAQ-5 is a suitable alternative to its long form. We discuss how psychological flexibility with respect to body image dissatisfaction can be conducive to positive functioning.

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Body image flexibility contributes to explaining the link between body dissatisfaction and body appreciation in White college-bound females

Cited by 65 publications

References 63 publications

Internalized weight stigma moderates eating behavior outcomes in women with high BMI participating in a healthy living program

Internalized weight stigma moderates eating behavior outcomes in women with high BMI participating in a healthy living program

A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Body Image Dissatisfaction and Weight Self-Stigma in Adults

Body Image–Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–5: An Abbreviation Using Genetic Algorithms

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