Body lean angle in sound dressage horses in-hand, on the lunge and ridden

Greve, Line; Dyson, Sue

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.06.004

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In sound dressage horses, there were no differences in trunk lean angle in trot versus canter either on the lunge or ridden (Greve and Dyson ). The mean trunk lean on a 10 m circle on the lunge was 10°.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

A subjective descriptive study of the warm‐up and turn to a fence, approach, take‐off, suspension, landing and move‐off in 10 showjumpers

Dyson

Tranquille

Walker

et al. 2016

Equine Veterinary Education

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SummaryThere is limited knowledge about causes of musculoskeletal injury in showjumpers. The objectives were to describe features of the turn, approach and jump in a group of experienced showjumpers believed by their riders to be sound, to relate these findings to clinical findings, and to identify features that may predispose to injury. Ten experienced showjumpers in normal competition training jumped an upright and a parallel fence four times off the left and right reins respectively, after a rider-defined period of warm-up. Real-time and high-speed motion capture was undertaken. Detailed subjective assessment of the gait was performed during the warm-up, on the turn and approach to the jump and all phases of the jump. Six horses had thoracolumbar pain or epaxial muscle tension. Six horses exhibited a poor-quality canter. The mean duration of warmup was 7 min (range 5-10 min). All horses had lean of the trunk and hindlimbs >45°on the turn. The inside hindlimb was placed in front of the outside hindlimb in 75% of the turns. Sideways oscillations of the hocks during stance were seen in all horses on the turn and on the straight approach in five horses. The inside hindlimb had greater magnitude of oscillation than the outside hindlimb on the turns. Repeated asynchronous push-off with the hindlimbs at take-off was seen in three horses. The hindlimbs drifted to the left or right during the ascent-phase of suspension in four horses, reflecting asymmetrical push-off. Only two horses landed consistently with the correct forelimb leading relative to the direction in which the horse had to turn after the fence. Four horses landed seven (n = 2) or eight (n = 2) times each with the left (n = 2) and right (n = 2) forelimbs respectively. Repetitive overload through asymmetrical use of the left and right canter leads, inadequate warm-up, and limb instability could potentially predispose to injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

A subjective descriptive study of the warm‐up and turn to a fence, approach, take‐off, suspension, landing and move‐off in 10 showjumpers

Dyson

Tranquille

Walker

et al. 2016

Equine Veterinary Education

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show abstract

“…, based on Buchner et al . ; Greve and Dyson ; Greve ) or 0 (asymmetry does not exceed that found in nonlame horses). If the IMU data indicated asymmetry, direction of asymmetry was determined.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

The influence of rider:horse bodyweight ratio and rider‐horse‐saddle fit on equine gait and behaviour: A pilot study

Dyson

Ellis²,

MacKechnie-Guire³

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary The effect of rider weight on equine welfare and performance requires further investigation. The objective of this prospective, cross‐over, randomised trial was to assess gait and behavioural responses of horses to riders of similar ability, but different bodyweights. Six nonlame horses in regular work were ridden by each of four riders: Light (L), Moderate (M), Heavy (H) and Very Heavy (VH). Saddle fit was assessed subjectively throughout the study. Each horse was ridden twice by riders L and M, and once by rider H. Rider VH rode five horses once and one twice. Each horse‐rider combination undertook a standardised, 30‐min ‘dressage‐test' which was abandoned if we observed lameness grade ≥ 3/8 in one limb, grade ≥ 2/8 in ≥ 2 limbs, or ≥ 10/24 behavioural markers of pain. Horses were reassessed in hand 45–60 min after any abandonment. Mean rider bodyweights, body mass index (BMI) values and rider:horse bodyweight percentages for the L, M, H and VH riders were respectively: 60.8, 77.8, 91.0, 142.1 kg; 23.2, 28.0, 26.3, 46.9 kg/m2; 10.0–11.7%, 12.8–15.0%, 15.3–17.9%, 23.6–27.5%. All 13 H and VH rider tests (lameness, n = 12; behaviour, n = 1) and one of 12 M rider tests (lameness) were abandoned. Lameness was confirmed using inertial measurement unit data. All horses trotted sound after test abandonment and completed the study moving well when ridden. Limitations of the study were saddle fit was not ideal in all horse‐rider combinations and abandonment criteria were subjective. The conclusions and clinical relevance of the study were that large riders can induce temporary lameness and behaviours consistent with musculoskeletal pain. This may relate to rider bodyweight and/or weight distribution. Riders M and H had similar BMI but markedly different test abandonment rates, therefore bodyweight is likely to be more relevant than BMI. Further work is required to determine if horse fitness, adaptation to heavier weights and better saddle fit for heavier/taller riders will increase horses' weight‐carrying capacity.

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“…It is therefore important to standardise speed and circle radius in order to compare lameness parameters and body lean angles between circle directions (left versus right reins). A recent study in thirteen non-lame dressage horses demonstrated no differences between reins in the difference between measured body lean angle and predicted body lean based on speed and radius of the circle (Greve and Dyson, 2016). Lameness may affect body lean angle, however this remains to be investigated.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscript Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Circles are an important part of lameness investigation (Ross, 2011;Greve and Dyson, 2016). During lungeing of horses, differences in body lean angle between turn directions have been observed and it was suggested that this may be due to subclinical lameness or motor A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T lateralities (Brocklehurst et al, 2014).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscript Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in body lean angle in lame horses before and after diagnostic analgesia in straight lines in hand and on the lunge

Greve

Pfau

Dyson

2018

The Veterinary Journal

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Body lean angle in sound dressage horses in-hand, on the lunge and ridden

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

A subjective descriptive study of the warm‐up and turn to a fence, approach, take‐off, suspension, landing and move‐off in 10 showjumpers

A subjective descriptive study of the warm‐up and turn to a fence, approach, take‐off, suspension, landing and move‐off in 10 showjumpers

The influence of rider:horse bodyweight ratio and rider‐horse‐saddle fit on equine gait and behaviour: A pilot study

Alterations in body lean angle in lame horses before and after diagnostic analgesia in straight lines in hand and on the lunge

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