Body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio for prediction of multiple metabolic risk factors in Chinese elderly population

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive ability of five obesity indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR) and body adiposity index (BAI), to predict multiple non-adipose metabolic risk factors, including elevated blood pressure (BP), elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG), elevated triglyceride (TG), reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), elevated serum uric acid (SUA) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), in an elderly Chinese population. A total of 5685 elderly Chinese subjects (≥60 years) were recruited into our community-based cross-sectional study. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses were used to compare the predictive ability as well as determine the optimal cut-off values of the obesity indices for multiple metabolic risk factors. According to the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), BMI, WC and WHtR were able to similarly predict high metabolic risk in males (0.698 vs. 0.691 vs. 0.688), while in females, BMI and WC were able to similarly predict high metabolic risk (0.676 vs. 0.669). The optimal cut-off values of BMI, WC and WHtR in males were, respectively, 24.12 kg/m2, 83.5 cm and 0.51, while in females, the values were 23.53 kg/m2 and 77.5 cm.

Comparison of Obesity-Related Parameters as Predictors of High Pulse Wave Velocity in Middle-Aged and Elderly People in China: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Community-Based Study

“…The World Health Organization Working Group on Obesity recommends WC cutoff values of 85 cm for men and 80 cm for women, which are lower than those determined here (95.5 and 88.5 cm for middle-aged and elderly men, respectively; and 83.5 and 83.5 cm for middle-aged and elderly women, respectively). Our BMI ranges (23.86-24.01 for men and 24.08-23.57 for women) were similar to those in previous studies (22.65-24.12 for men and 23.53-27.7 for women) [17,31,32,35], and the same was true for WHtR (0.54-0.55 for men and 0.51-0.52 for women in the present study vs 0.47-0.54 and 0.47-0.54, respectively, in previous reports) [17,24,31,32,35,36,[38][39][40]. Notably, values obtained in a study conducted in Spain (WC, 90.5 cm; BMI, 26.6; WHtR, 0.54 for both sexes) [34]were much higher than those in Asian cohorts.…”

“…The cutoff values with the best predictive capacity for high PWV in the present work based on sensitivity and speci city differed from those reported in studies of hypertension in Asian populations; the ranges were 82.70-85.2 for men and 77.5-83.5 for women [17,31,32,35,36]. The World Health Organization Working Group on Obesity recommends WC cutoff values of 85 cm for men and 80 cm for women, which are lower than those determined here (95.5 and 88.5 cm for middle-aged and elderly men, respectively; and 83.5 and 83.5 cm for middle-aged and elderly women, respectively).…”

“…Signi cant sex differences were observed, with lower predictive capacities in men, especially those who were middleaged. In contrast, BMI or WC was shown to have predictive value for the occurrence of hypertension [17,[31][32][33]. There were no signi cant differences in the predictive capacities of WC, BMI, and WHtR between men and women [31]; and the predictive values of BMI, WC, and WHtR were found to differ signi cantly between men and women [5], with a better performance in the latter [34].…”

A simple cut-off for waist-to-height ratio (0·5) can act as an indicator for cardiometabolic risk: recent data from adults in the Health Survey for England

“…Although many authors have produced specific WHtR boundary values for populations (24,27,61,62) , many suggest that the simple boundary value of 0•5 can be used to indicate increased risk and used universally for primary screening (29) . Since it was first advocated in 2006 (63) , the simple message 'Keep your waist to less than half your height' has been recommended often (20,34,(64)(65)(66) .…”

Relationships Between the 2D:4D Digit Ratio, Waist Circumference, Hand Preferences, Weight, Height, Waist-to-Height Ratio and BMI in a Turkish Population

“…Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), are some of the anthropometric properties that are used to predict Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, 65080, Van, Turkey. metabolic risk factors (Gu et al, 2018). A previous study investigated the relationship between the 2D:4D and cardiovascular risk factors and MetS indices among adults and suggested that 2D:4D is a proxy for heart relateddisease in Ilorin (Oyeyemi et al).…”