Body shape distortion: promoting postural care at night

Waugh, Anna; Hill, Sarah

doi:10.7748/ldp2009.09.12.7.25.c7248

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…One case study is presented of a male for whom severe scoliosis contributed to premature death (Waugh & Hill, ). X‐rays demonstrate progress from symmetrical body shape at age 3 to severe scoliosis at age 23 shortly prior to death.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, a case study of a girl with severe scoliosis who had been referred for surgery for rods in her spine is presented which illustrates pictorially scoliosis being improved and surgery being avoided following the adoption of night‐time positioning (Waugh & Hill, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whilst this review has presented some small scale evidence regarding postural care interventions, of particular importance is the lack of evidence regarding NTPE and 24‐hr postural care service provision. It has been suggested that effective 24‐hr postural care can prevent deformity (Crawford & Stinson, ; Hill & Goldsmith, ) and thus avoid the negative health and quality of life implications associated with poor posture and avoid invasive interventions such as surgery for scoliosis (Waugh & Hill, ) which is frequently associated with major complications (Beckmann et al., ). The lack of research evidence to support the efficacy of NTPE and 24‐hr postural care needs to be addressed urgently, including a focus on the specific issues that may arise in relation to interventions involving people with intellectual disabilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postural care for people with intellectual disabilities and severely impaired motor function: A scoping review

Robertson

Baines

Emerson

et al. 2016

Research Intellect Disabil

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Background: Poor postural care can have severe and life-threatening complications.This scoping review aims to map and summarize existing evidence regarding postural care for people with intellectual disabilities and severely impaired motor function.Method: Studies were identified via electronic database searches (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science) covering January 1990 to March 2016, and email requests to researcher networks. Results were collated via descriptive numerical summary of studies and thematic analysis. Results:Twenty-three studies were identified and summarized narratively in relation to three themes: characteristics and prevalence, interventions and service related issues. The evidence base is small with significant gaps. Lack of evidence for nighttime positioning equipment and 24-hr postural care needs to be addressed urgently. Conclusion:Future research should be clearly directed towards ascertaining how best postural care interventions can be employed to help improve the health and quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities. K E Y W O R D Sintellectual disabilities, postural care, scoping review |Published for the British Institute of Learning Disabilities ROBERTSON ET al. posture also underpin the ability to function and access the environment (Crawford & Stinson, 2015).Over the past 15 years, there has been increased awareness of the need to provide postural care over the entire 24-hr period. This usually involves adaptive seating and/or moulded wheelchairs; night-time positioning equipment (NTPE); moving and handling techniques; and advice and training across all settings that the person accesses (Crawford & Stinson, 2015). NTPE can be used during the substantial proportion of the day when the person is in bed and has been reported to be beneficial even for those with established body shape distortion (Goldsmith, 2000).It has been proposed that most people who lack the ability to change their position would benefit from 24-hr body positioning (Crawford & Stinson, 2015) and that 24-hr postural care strategies should be considered in physical therapy programmes to prevent or delay the development of contractures or skeletal deformities in children and young people at risk of developing these (National Institute for Health & Care Excellence, 2012). However, disabled children generally are not being provided with the specialist equipment they require (such as seating and postural support systems), with provision of equipment being patchy at best (Centre for Economics and Business Research, 2014). It is widely accepted that the current systems that provide equipment and related services to children fail (CSED Consultant's Report, 2010).The importance of the issue of postural care in relation to people with intellectual disabilities has been highlighted in a number of reports noting gaps in services and the need to provide postural care interventions to prevent postural deformities from developing (Heslop et al., 2013;Mansell, 2010;Michael, 2008, RCGP, 2012. No systematic...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postural care for people with intellectual disabilities and severely impaired motor function: A scoping review

Robertson

Baines

Emerson

et al. 2016

Research Intellect Disabil

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“…Symmetrical supine lying has been found to protect and restore body shape, muscle tone and quality of life for people who would otherwise be left to become static in destructive lying postures Hill & Goldsmith, 2005;Waugh & Hill, 2009).…”

Section: Practical Steps To Protect Body Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanics and prevention of body shape distortion

Hill¹,

Goldsmith²

2010

Tizard Learning Disability Rev

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Biomechanics and prevention of body shape distortion Feature Patterns of body shape distortion Changes in body shape could be considered to have become synonymous with individuals described as having complex health care needs. Irrespective of diagnosis, any individual developing a destructive habitual lying posture can be considered at risk of developing distortions of body shape which will compromise respiration, circulation and digestion. These habitual postures can develop because of movement difficulties, the early stages of skeletal asymmetry or habit. Adults are calculated to spend approximately a third of their time in the lying posture, but the proportion is often greater during childhood and, as a result, habitual lying positions often become recognisable from the pattern of distortion of body shape seen as the

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“…Ligaments in feline spines exposed to 60 min of repeated low load, demonstrate a significant increase in the expression of pro-inflammatory chemicals, compared with control ligaments from the same spine, indicating acute inflammation and tissue degradation in ligaments subjected to the cyclic loading 23. Additionally, sustained non-symmetrical sleep postures can induce structural spinal changes in humans 24 25. Sleep postures have been shown to be modifiable17 26 and identification of modifiable risk factors related to spinal pain, have been highlighted as a priority in managing disabling lumbar pain 27…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying relationships between sleep posture and non-specific spinal symptoms in adults: A scoping review

2019

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ObjectivesThe objectives of this scoping review were to identify (1) study designs and participant populations, (2) types of specific methodology and (3) common results, conclusions and recommendations from the body of evidence regarding our research question; is there a relationship between sleep posture and spinal symptoms.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesPEDro, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, Medline, ProQuest, PsycINFO, SportDISCUS and grey literature from inception to 10 April 2018.Data selectionUsing a modified Arksey and O’Malley framework, all English language studies in humans that met eligibility criteria using key search terms associated with sleep posture and spinal symptoms were included.Data extractionData were independently extracted by two reviewers and mapped to describe the current state of the literature. Articles meeting the search criteria were critically appraised using the Downs and Black checklist.ResultsFrom 4186 articles, four articles were identified, of which three were epidemiological and one interventional. All studies examined three or more sleep postures, all measured sleep posture using self-report and one study also used infrared cameras. Two studies examined symptoms arising from the lumbar spine, one the cervical spine and one the whole spine. Waking pain and stiffness were the most common symptoms explored and side lying was generally protective against spinal symptoms.ConclusionsThis scoping review highlights the importance of evaluating sleep posture with respect to waking symptoms and has provided preliminary information regarding relationships between sleep posture and spinal symptoms. However, there were not enough high-quality studies to adequately answer our research question. It is recommended future research consider group sizes and population characteristics to achieve research goals, that a validated measure be used to assess sleep posture, that characteristics and location of spinal symptoms are clearly defined and that the side lying posture is subclassified.

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Body shape distortion: promoting postural care at night

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Postural care for people with intellectual disabilities and severely impaired motor function: A scoping review

Postural care for people with intellectual disabilities and severely impaired motor function: A scoping review

Biomechanics and prevention of body shape distortion

Identifying relationships between sleep posture and non-specific spinal symptoms in adults: A scoping review

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