Body Size, Physical Activity, and Risk of Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Women

Abstract

Few studies have examined the associations of body size and physical activity with the development of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) in women. In data from a population-based case-control study in women ages 19 to 79 years, we assessed the relation of self-report height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and strenuous physical activity to HL risk in 312 cases with diagnostic re-review and 325 randomdigit dialed controls using logistic regression. Analyses were stratified by age group and tumor cell presence of EBV. After adjustment for social class measures, taller childhood and adult height were associated with higher HL risk. In women ages 19 to 44 years, HL risk was elevated for higher, but healthy, BMI values, whereas in women ages 45 to 79 years, associations with BMI were inverse. The odds of developing HL were lower with participation (versus nonparticipation) in strenuous physical activity in the past year [odds ratio (OR), 0.58; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.39-0.87 in women 19-44 years; OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.19-1.06 in women 45-79 years] and throughout adult life, and with sports team membership (versus nonmembership) in high school and/or at ages 18 to 22 years. Results were similar in cases (n = 269) with and without tumor-cell EBV compared with controls, although the inverse association with physical activity was somewhat stronger for women with EBV-positive disease. These findings show that in women, body size and strenuous physical activity, both modifiable characteristics, are associated with HL risk in adult life possibly through immunologic, infectious, or genetic mechanisms. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(6):1095 -101)

Cancer risk in Norwegian world class athletes

“…Nevertheless, a reduced risk of leukemia/lymphoma was shown, and the results are in line with previous observations (26,27). Although the decrease in cancer risk was significant only for athletic groups with moderate intensity levels, the trend seems present for all subgroups, except for that of the low lifetime activity level.…”

Physical Activity in Relation to Risk of Hematologic Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…Table 1 presents the main characteristics and results of the 15 cohort studies (26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40) and eight case-control studies (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) included. Three studies investigated more than one physical activity domain (19,24,40) and nine studies provided results stratified by gender (20,22,23,25,26,29,32,39,40).…”

“…If risk estimates were provided for different numbers of adjustment factors, the maximally adjusted risk estimate was used. If a study presented several risk estimates for physical activity at various time periods in life, the risk estimate for the most recent time period was chosen (21,22,34) as most studies provided risk estimates for recent physical activity.…”

Physical Activity and Risk of Lymphoma: A Meta-Analysis

“…The 7 case-control studies included a total of 5,229 non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases, 366 Hodgkin lymphoma cases, and 26,403 control subjects (28,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35). In the 5 prospective cohort studies, a total of 5,858 nonHodgkin lymphoma cases and 58 Hodgkin lymphoma cases were identified among a total of 3,154,781 subjects (29,(36)(37)(38)(39).…”