2021
DOI: 10.1029/2021gc009782
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Body‐Wave Tomographic Imaging of the Turkana Depression: Implications for Rift Development and Plume‐Lithosphere Interactions

Abstract: 1. A high wavespeed band in southern Ethiopia marks refractory Proterozoic structure that influenced Mesozoic and Cenozoic strain localization 2. Shallow low wavespeeds mark zones of melt-intruded lithosphere or ponding asthenosphere beneath variably-thinned lithosphere 3. Low mantle wavespeeds are continuous below East Africa, arguing against interpretations that the Depression lacks buoyant dynamic support

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Cited by 18 publications
(54 citation statements)
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References 135 publications
(335 reference statements)
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“…However, recent tomographic models present no clear evidence for a break in slow wavespeeds (and therefore dynamic support) at the upper mantle depths to which our data are sensitive Emry et al, 2019;Hansen et al, 2012;Kounoudis et al, 2021). Intriguingly, a fast wavespeed band at lithospheric depths in southernmost Ethiopia in the seismic tomographic study of Kounoudis et al (2021) coincident with a broadly (∼500 km-wide) rifted zone (Figure 10) coexists with our zone of absent X. This anomalous region, interpreted by Kounoudis et al (2021) as refractory Proterozoic lithosphere, is not associated with Quaternary volcanism, perhaps resulting in a lack of melt ponding below the region at X depths.…”
Section: East Africacontrasting
confidence: 71%
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“…However, recent tomographic models present no clear evidence for a break in slow wavespeeds (and therefore dynamic support) at the upper mantle depths to which our data are sensitive Emry et al, 2019;Hansen et al, 2012;Kounoudis et al, 2021). Intriguingly, a fast wavespeed band at lithospheric depths in southernmost Ethiopia in the seismic tomographic study of Kounoudis et al (2021) coincident with a broadly (∼500 km-wide) rifted zone (Figure 10) coexists with our zone of absent X. This anomalous region, interpreted by Kounoudis et al (2021) as refractory Proterozoic lithosphere, is not associated with Quaternary volcanism, perhaps resulting in a lack of melt ponding below the region at X depths.…”
Section: East Africacontrasting
confidence: 71%
“…Intriguingly, a fast wavespeed band at lithospheric depths in southernmost Ethiopia in the seismic tomographic study of Kounoudis et al (2021) coincident with a broadly (∼500 km-wide) rifted zone (Figure 10) coexists with our zone of absent X. This anomalous region, interpreted by Kounoudis et al (2021) as refractory Proterozoic lithosphere, is not associated with Quaternary volcanism, perhaps resulting in a lack of melt ponding below the region at X depths. Complex lithospheric seismic structure, both associated with the Kounoudis et al (2021) fast wavespeed band and with the failed Mesozoic Anza rift immediately to the south of it in the Turkana Depression, may be precluding our view of the X.…”
Section: East Africamentioning
confidence: 93%
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“…For this reason, it is most successful in imaging large magmatic systems associated with large calderas (e.g., Steck et al, 1998;Bai et al, 2020) or continental rifts (e.g. Kounoudis et al, 2021). For a more complete comparison of LET and TST see Thurber (2003).…”
Section: Teleseismic Tomographymentioning
confidence: 99%