Bohr complementarity in memory retrieval

Denolf, Jacob; Lambert-Mogiliansky, Ariane

doi:10.1016/j.jmp.2016.03.004

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It has been widely applied to the fields of cognition and decision making fields to explain the phenomena in classical theory, like order effect [20][21][22], disjunction effect [4], the interference effect of categorization [23], prisoner's dilemma [24], conceptual combinations [25,26], quantum game theory [27][28][29] and so on. To explain the disjunction fallacy, many quantum models have been proposed, such as a quantum dynamical (QD) model [30,31], quantum-like models [32][33][34] quantum prospect decision theory [35][36][37][38] and quantum-like Bayesian networks [39] etc. In a quantum framework, the decision in human brain is deemed as a superposition of several decisions before the final one is made.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evidential Markov decision making model

Jiang

2018

Information Sciences

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The sure thing principle and the law of total probability are basic laws in classic probability theory. A disjunction fallacy leads to the violation of these two classical laws. In this paper, an Evidential Markov (EM) decision making model based on Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory and Markov modelling is proposed to address this issue and model the real human decision-making process. In an evidential framework, the states are extended by introducing an uncertain state which represents the hesitance of a decision maker. The classical Markov model can not produce the disjunction effect, which assumes that a decision has to be certain at one time. However, the state is allowed to be uncertain in the EM model before the final decision is made. An extra uncertainty degree parameter is defined by a belief entropy, named Deng entropy, to assignment the basic probability assignment of the uncertain state, which is the key to predict the disjunction effect. A classical categorization decision-making experiment is used to illustrate the effectiveness and validity of EM model. The disjunction effect can be well predicted and the free parameters are less compared with the existing models.Keywords: Evidential Markov model; Markov decision making model;Dempster-Shafer evidence theory; the sure thing principle; the law of total probability; disjunction effect

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evidential Markov decision making model

Jiang

2018

Information Sciences

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“…Another quantum-like modeling perspective has been proposed by Busemeyer and Bruza [4,Ch.6] which provides unitary transformation matrices based on Feynman path analysis and ordering of the gist/verbatim processing of cues, which we will discuss below. Finally a complementarity based quantumlike development was done by Denolf and Subadditivity [17], and Denolf and Lambert-Mogiliansky [18]. Bohr's complementarity provides the gist-verbatim features by implementing for each an alternative basis of the Hilbert space.…”

Section: Explanations Of Eod Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides the QEM model, this specific paradigm has been alternatively modeled by Denolf and Lambert-Mogiliansky using Bohr's quantum approach to consider gist and verbatim traces as complementary properties, each trace represented by an alternative bases of the same Hilbert space [18].…”

Section: Explanations Of Eod Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hamiltonian Driven Quantum-Like Model for Overdistribution in Episodic Memory Recollection

Broekaert

Busemeyer

2017

Front. Phys.

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While people famously forget genuine memories over time, they also tend to mistakenly over-recall equivalent memories concerning a given event. The memory phenomenon is known by the name of episodic overdistribution and occurs both in memories of disjunctions and partitions of mutually exclusive events and has been tested, modeled and documented in the literature. The total classical probability of recalling exclusive sub-events most often exceeds the probability of recalling the composed event, i.e., a subadditive total. We present a Hamiltonian driven propagation for the Quantum Episodic Memory model developed by Brainerd et al. [1] for the episodic memory overdistribution in the experimental immediate item false memory paradigm [1][2][3]. Following the Hamiltonian method of Busemeyer and Bruza [4] our model adds time-evolution of the perceived memory state through the stages of the experimental process based on psychologically interpretable parameters-γ c for recollection capability of cues, κ p for bias or description-dependence by probes and β for the average gist component in the memory state at start. With seven parameters the Hamiltonian model shows good accuracy of predictions both in the EOD-disjunction and in the EOD-subadditivity paradigm. We noticed either an outspoken preponderance of the gist over verbatim trace, or the opposite, in the initial memory state when β is real. Only for complex β a mix of both traces is present in the initial state for the EOD-subadditivity paradigm.

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“…Consequently, the aforementioned assumptions about memory representation and retrieval can be modeled with the QP formalism, and when such a model is in place, it can be analyzed to derive principled, axiomatic predictions about episodic memory. Based on earlier proposals by Brainerd et al (2013; see related proposals by Busemeyer & Bruza, 2012; Trueblood & Hemmer, under review; Denolf & Lambert-Mogiliansky, under review; see the Appendix for a discussion), we developed such a model, called quantum episodic memory (QEM), for the item and source paradigms. When the simplest version of this model (QEMc), which implements the assumption of compatibility of memory test probes, was analyzed, it predicted that memory judgments would violate the additive law in both paradigms and that violations would be in a subadditive direction.…”

Section: Superposition and Additive Probabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be evaluated in at least three ways: (a) The prediction that the order of probe administration should not affect acceptance probabilities if the probes are compatible can be tested (Busemeyer & Wang, 2014; Wang & Busemeyer, 2013); (b) the prediction that violations of the additive law should always be in a subadditive direction if the probes are compatible can be tested (Busemeyer & Bruza, 2012; Busemeyer & Trueblood, 2010; Brainerd et al, 2013); and (c) tests of the comparative fit of compatible versus incompatible models to data can be computed. Some initial work along these lines has recently been conducted (Trueblood & Hammer, under review; Denolf & Lambert-Mogiliansky, under review), but so far, the results are inconclusive. Thus, the data that are necessary to decide between compatibility and incompatibility do not currently exist.…”

Section: The Qemc Model For Item False Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Episodic memory does not add up: Verbatim–gist superposition predicts violations of the additive law of probability

Brainerd

Wang

Reyna

et al. 2015

Journal of Memory and Language

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Fuzzy-trace theory’s assumptions about memory representation are cognitive examples of the familiar superposition property of physical quantum systems. When those assumptions are implemented in a formal quantum model (QEMc), they predict that episodic memory will violate the additive law of probability: If memory is tested for a partition of an item’s possible episodic states, the individual probabilities of remembering the item as belonging to each state must sum to more than 1. We detected this phenomenon using two standard designs, item false memory and source false memory. The quantum implementation of fuzzy-trace theory also predicts that violations of the additive law will vary in strength as a function of reliance on gist memory. That prediction, too, was confirmed via a series of manipulations (e.g., semantic relatedness, testing delay) that are thought to increase gist reliance. Surprisingly, an analysis of the underlying structure of violations of the additive law revealed that as a general rule, increases in remembering correct episodic states do not produce commensurate reductions in remembering incorrect states.

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Bohr complementarity in memory retrieval

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

An evidential Markov decision making model

An evidential Markov decision making model

A Hamiltonian Driven Quantum-Like Model for Overdistribution in Episodic Memory Recollection

Episodic memory does not add up: Verbatim–gist superposition predicts violations of the additive law of probability

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