Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Feeding and Reproduction as Functions of Cotton Square Availability

Greenberg, S. M.; Sappington, Thomas W.; Spurgeon, D. W.; Sétamou, Mamoudou

doi:10.1603/0046-225x-32.3.698

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Showler (2003) also captured a large number of boll weevils in these fields after the crop was harvested and the residues had been removed, which was attributed to cotton crop residues, including dry and damaged bolls, left on or in the soil. Braga Sobrinho & Lukefahr (1983) had already suggested that bolls damaged at the end of the cycle probably serve as shelters during the fallow period, whereas Greenberg et al (2003) and Macêdo (2014) reported the survival of boll weevils within dry bolls in the field and in the laboratory, respectively. In favorable temperature and humidity conditions, survival in the laboratory reached 105 days (Macêdo, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival pattern of the boll weevil during cotton fallow in Midwestern Brazil

Pires

Pimenta

Mata

et al. 2017

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to determine the survival pattern of the cotton boll weevil during fallow in Midwestern Brazil. The percentage of adults that remained in the cotton reproductive structures, the percentage of adults searching for shelters, and the longevity of adults fed on pollen and nectar as alternative food sources were determined. For this, four populations were sampled in cotton squares and bolls, totaling 11,293 structures, from 2008 to 2012. The emergency of cotton weevil adults was monitored from the collection of the structures until the next cotton season. In the laboratory, newly-emerged adults were fed on hibiscus or Spanish needle, and their life span was monitored individually. Most adults (85.73%) left the reproductive structures, regardless of the cotton plant phenology, up to 49 days after the structures were collected. One individual (0.0002%) from 5,544 adults was found alive after the fallow period. The diet with hibiscus and Spanish needle provided adult longevity of 76±38 days, which was enough time for adults to survive during the fallow period. Most of the boll weevils leave the cotton structures at the end of harvest, survive using alternative food sources, and do not use cotton plant structures as shelter during the legal cotton fallow period in Midwestern Brazil.Index terms: Anthonomus grandis, Gossypium hirsutum, alternative food, cotton bolls. Padrão de sobrevivência do bicudo-do-algodoeiro durante o pousio na região Centro-Oeste do BrasilResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o padrão de sobrevivência do bicudo-do-algodoeiro durante o pousio no Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Foram determinadas as percentagens de adultos das populações que permaneceram nas estruturas reprodutivas do algodoeiro, as percentagens de adultos que saíram para os refúgios, e a longevidade dos adultos alimentados com pólen e néctar como fontes de alimentos alternativos. Para tanto, foram amostradas quatro populações em botões florais e maçãs do algodoeiro, que totalizaram 11.293 estruturas, de 2008 a 2012. A emergência de adultos do bicudo-do-algodoeiro foi monitorada desde a coleta das estruturas até a próxima safra de algodão. Em laboratório, adultos recém-emergidos foram alimentados com hibisco ou picão, e sua longevidade foi monitorada individualmente. A maioria dos adultos (85,73%) saiu das estruturas reprodutivas, independentemente da fenologia do algodoeiro, até 49 dias após as estruturas terem sido coletadas. Um indivíduo (0,0002%) entre 5.544 adultos foi encontrado vivo após o período da entressafra. A dieta de hibisco e picão permitiu uma longevidade de 76±38 dias, tempo suficiente para manter os adultos vivos durante a entressafra. A maioria dos bicudos-de-algodoeiro deixa as estruturas reprodutivas do algodoeiro no final da colheita, sobrevive com alimento alternativo e não usa as estruturas da planta como abrigo durante o período legal de pousio na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil.Termos para indexação: Anthonomus grandis, Gossypium hirsutum, alimento alternativo, maças ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival pattern of the boll weevil during cotton fallow in Midwestern Brazil

Pires

Pimenta

Mata

et al. 2017

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…The reason for this conclusion is that resource abundance affects the amount of energy available for reproduction, the rate at which adults find these resources for breeding and their oviposition rates. Evidence for these mechanisms has been observed for drosophilids (David et al 1983) as well as for other invertebrates such as the nematodes Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus (Niu et al 2013), the boll weevil Anthonomus grandis (Greenberg et al 2003) and the syrphid Episyrphus balteatus (Branquart and Hemptinne 2000). For instance, a female Drosophila melanogaster can produce approximately 100 eggs per day, close to its own weight (Cohet and David 1978;David et al 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Rapid response to abiotic and biotic factors controls population growth of two invasive drosophilids (Diptera) in the Brazilian Savanna

2015

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An intrinsic property of invaders that determines many of the effects they produce in the areas they colonize is their great abundance. However, a lack of data generally hampers the exploration of the complex interactions of factors that regulate the abundance of most invasive populations. This lack of data generally hinders the understanding of the invasion process and, more specifically, interferes with the management of these populations. This paper uses hierarchical complex models to investigate how temperature, humidity, competitive interactions and resource availability affect the growth rates of naturalized populations of two invaders in the Brazilian Savanna: the African Drosophila simulans and Zaprionus indianus. We also assess how morphological (life-history) and demographic traits mediate these effects. Our results suggest that the population growth rates of both species depend on complex interactions between several of the studied variables but are regulated primarily by rapid and direct responses to resource availability. We found evidence that resources determine immediate oviposition rates, inducing a very rapid regulation of population sizes (in one generation, i.e., approximately 1 month). Our study also demonstrates a lower predictability for Z. indianus and we suggest that this finding is a result of the shorter evolutionary history of Z. indianus in the Brazilian Savanna. These results, valid for the system we have investigated, if validated by other studies, will help to increase the mechanistic understanding of invasions and may contribute to the development of effective management strategies to mitigate their effects on natural and agro-ecosystems.

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“…Pepper fruit and flower buds are discrete hosts, highly susceptible to overcrowding. An examination of boll weevil oviposition found that females offered 10, 15, and 20 cotton squares per day had a greater estimated percent of egg hatch and survival of offspring to adulthood than females offered 5 or 1 square per day, presumably due to larval competition for host resources (Greenberg et al., 2003). It is not clear if competition or cannibalism plays a role in pepper weevil offspring success.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host‐marking by female pepper weevils, Anthonomus eugenii

Addesso

McAuslane²,

Stansly

et al. 2007

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Pepper weevils, Anthonomus eugenii Cano (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), feed and oviposit in flower buds and small fruits of plants in the genus Capsicum, as well as several species of Solanum (Solanaceae). Females chew a small hole into the fruit, deposit a single egg within the cavity, and seal the hole with a clear anal secretion that hardens into an ‘oviposition plug’. Female oviposition behavior was studied in a series of small‐arena bioassays to determine whether previous oviposition in Jalapeño pepper fruit deterred subsequent oviposition and to determine what specific cues from an infested fruit influence female behavior. In choice and no‐choice tests, females preferred clean fruit to fruit that had received four eggs 24 h previously (i.e., infested fruit), whether the fruit was infested with conspecific eggs or their own eggs. Further bioassays demonstrated that the presence of female frass, or oviposition plugs alone, in the absence of eggs or any fruit damage, was sufficient to deter oviposition. In addition, females given the choice between an infested fruit with the oviposition plug removed or an unaltered infested fruit preferred the fruit with no plugs, even when eggs, frass, and feeding damage were still present. To determine whether females would avoid infested peppers under more natural conditions, we quantified oviposition on infested and uninfested sentinel pepper fruit within individually caged plants and on clean and infested plants caged together. Females consistently laid more eggs on clean fruit than on infested fruits and moved within and among pepper plants to search for more acceptable oviposition sites. We conclude that oviposition plugs, along with contaminated female, but not male, frass contain a deterrent that, in the absence of any other cue, is enough to alert a female that a patch is occupied.

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Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Feeding and Reproduction as Functions of Cotton Square Availability

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Survival pattern of the boll weevil during cotton fallow in Midwestern Brazil

Survival pattern of the boll weevil during cotton fallow in Midwestern Brazil

Rapid response to abiotic and biotic factors controls population growth of two invasive drosophilids (Diptera) in the Brazilian Savanna

Host‐marking by female pepper weevils, Anthonomus eugenii

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