Boll Weevil: Detection and Monitoring of Small Populations with In-field Traps12

Merkl, M. E.; Cross, Whitman; Johnson, William L.

doi:10.1093/jee/71.1.29

“…Though attraction was never proven, autodetection could hypothetically increase infestations associated with pheromone traps for certain species. However, such concerns are not generally realized as many insect species, particularly among the weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), are monitored with aggregation pheromone-baited traps without resulting in subsequent infestations [ 175 , 176 ].…”

Section: Implications Of Autodetection For Pheromone Use In Agricumentioning

confidence: 99%

Pheromone Autodetection: Evidence and Implications

Holdcraft

¹

,

Rodriguez‐Saona

²

,

Stelinski

³

2016

Insects

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Olfactory communication research with insects utilizing sex pheromones has focused on the effects of pheromones on signal receivers. Early pheromone detection studies using the silkworm moth, Bombyx mori L., and Saturniids led to the assumption that emitters, especially females, are unable to detect their own pheromone. Pheromone anosmia, i.e., the inability of females to detect their conspecific sex pheromone, was often assumed, and initially little attention was paid to female behaviors that may result from autodetection, i.e., the ability of females to detect their sex pheromone. Detection of conspecific pheromone plumes from nearby females may provide information to improve chances of mating success and progeny survival. Since the first documented example in 1972, numerous occurrences of autodetection have been observed and verified in field and laboratory studies. We summarize here a significant portion of research relating to autodetection. Electrophysiological and behavioral investigations, as well as expression patterns of proteins involved in pheromone autodetection are included. We discuss problems inherent in defining a boundary between sex and aggregation pheromones considering the occurrence of autodetection, and summarize hypothesized selection pressures favoring autodetection. Importance of including autodetection studies in future work is emphasized by complications arising from a lack of knowledge combined with expanding the use of pheromones in agriculture.

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“…Various types of boll weevil traps have been compared (Hardee et al 1996) for monitoring the presence of populations (Merkl et al 1978) and for collecting specimens (Leggett et al 1975, Leggett 1979. Hardee et al (1971) provided evidence that pheromone traps suppressed Ͼ80% of boll weevil populations in parts of west Texas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Routine Late-Season Field Operations on Numbers of Boll Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Captured in Large-Capacity Pheromone Traps

Showler¹

2003

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Flat and cylindrical adhesive boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), pheromone traps captured significantly more (P < or = 0.05) boll weevils than the Hercon (Hercon Environmental, Emigsville, PA) trap during the late cotton-growing season, and larger adhesive areas were associated with higher captures; a flat plywood board collected the most boll weevils because it had the largest surface area. The flat board trap, chosen for measuring large late-season adult boll weevil populations common to the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas in 2000 and 2001, collected more (P < or = 0.05) weevils when deployed in proximity to natural and cultivated perennial vegetation, and mean numbers of captured boll weevils were higher (P < or = 0.0001) on the leeward sides of the board traps than on the windward sides. The board trap had an estimated potential capacity of approximately 27,800 boll weevils, and the large capacity of the board trap allowed for more accurate measurements of large adult boll weevil populations than the more limited Hercon trap. Measurement of adult boll weevil numbers after the routine field operations of defoliation, harvest, shredding, and stalk-pulling, demonstrated that large populations of boll weevils persist in cotton fields even after the cotton crop has been destroyed. Increases (P < or = 0.05) in the percentage variation of trapped boll weevils relative to the numbers collected just before each field operation were observed after defoliation, harvest, shredding, and stalk-pulling, but the percentage variations followed a quadratic pattern with significant correlation (P < 0.0001; 0.59 < adjusted r2 < 0.73). Numbers of adult boll weevils caught on board traps deployed at 15.24-m intervals on windward and leeward edges of cotton fields suggested that boll weevil populations in flight after field disturbances might be affected by large-capacity trapping.

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“…THE BOLL WEEVIL, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was Þrst reported in the United States near Brownsville, TX in 1894 and it has since spread throughout the southern Cotton Belt (Rummel and Summy 1997). Various types of boll weevil traps have been compared (Hardee et al 1996) for monitoring the presence of populations (Merkl et al 1978) and for collecting specimens (Leggett et al 1975, Leggett 1979. Hardee et al (1971) provided evidence that pheromone traps suppressed Ͼ80% of boll weevil populations in parts of west Texas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Routine Late-Season Field Operations on Numbers of Boll Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Captured in Large-Capacity Pheromone Traps

Showler¹

2003

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Flat and cylindrical adhesive boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), pheromone traps captured significantly more (P < or = 0.05) boll weevils than the Hercon (Hercon Environmental, Emigsville, PA) trap during the late cotton-growing season, and larger adhesive areas were associated with higher captures; a flat plywood board collected the most boll weevils because it had the largest surface area. The flat board trap, chosen for measuring large late-season adult boll weevil populations common to the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas in 2000 and 2001, collected more (P < or = 0.05) weevils when deployed in proximity to natural and cultivated perennial vegetation, and mean numbers of captured boll weevils were higher (P < or = 0.0001) on the leeward sides of the board traps than on the windward sides. The board trap had an estimated potential capacity of approximately 27,800 boll weevils, and the large capacity of the board trap allowed for more accurate measurements of large adult boll weevil populations than the more limited Hercon trap. Measurement of adult boll weevil numbers after the routine field operations of defoliation, harvest, shredding, and stalk-pulling, demonstrated that large populations of boll weevils persist in cotton fields even after the cotton crop has been destroyed. Increases (P < or = 0.05) in the percentage variation of trapped boll weevils relative to the numbers collected just before each field operation were observed after defoliation, harvest, shredding, and stalk-pulling, but the percentage variations followed a quadratic pattern with significant correlation (P < 0.0001; 0.59 < adjusted r2 < 0.73). Numbers of adult boll weevils caught on board traps deployed at 15.24-m intervals on windward and leeward edges of cotton fields suggested that boll weevil populations in flight after field disturbances might be affected by large-capacity trapping.

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Boll Weevil: Detection and Monitoring of Small Populations with In-field Traps12

Cited by 5 publications

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Pheromone Autodetection: Evidence and Implications

Pheromone Autodetection: Evidence and Implications

Effects of Routine Late-Season Field Operations on Numbers of Boll Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Captured in Large-Capacity Pheromone Traps

Effects of Routine Late-Season Field Operations on Numbers of Boll Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Captured in Large-Capacity Pheromone Traps

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