Bombyx mori derived scaffolds and their use in cartilage regeneration: a systematic review

Abstract

For the last two decades, silk has been extensively used as scaffolds in tissue engineering because of its remarkable properties. Unfortunately, the aneural property of cartilage limits its regenerative potential which can be achieved using tissue engineering approach. A lot of research has been published searching for the optimization of silk fibroin (SF) and its blends in order to get the best cartilage mimicking properties. However, according to our best knowledge, there is no systematic review available regarding the use of Bombyx mori derived biomaterials limited to cartilage related studies. This systematic review highlights the in vitro and in vivo work done for the past 7 years on structural and functional properties of B. mori derived biomaterials together with different parameters for cartilage regeneration. PubMed database was searched focusing on in vitro and in vivo studies using the search thread "silk fibroin" and "cartilage". A total of 40 articles met the inclusion criteria. All the articles were deeply studied for cell types, scaffold types and animal models used along with study design and results. Five types of cells were used for in vitro while seven types of cells were used for in vivo studies. Three types of animal models were used for scaffold implantation purpose. Moreover, different types of scaffolds either seeded with cells or supplemented with various factors were explored and discussed in detail. Results suggest the suitability of silk as a better biomaterial because of its cartilage mimicking properties.

Biomedical applications of silkworm ( Bombyx Mori ) proteins in regenerative medicine (a narrative review)

“…Therefore, tissue engineering offers a promising approach to cartilage restoration (Ma et al, 2018). Both, pure SF biomaterials, and mixtures of SF and other polymers, have been studied for cartilage tissue engineering (Fazal & Latief, 2018).…”

Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Blend from Fused Deposition Modeling as Potential Cartilage Scaffolds

“…Therefore, cartilage tissues are easily injured. In cartilage tissue engineering, the challenge goals are to support and accelerate the healing and repairing process of cartilage tissues until the restoration of tissues to normal structure and function is achieved [1,2]. Scaffolds can mimic the three-dimensional structure of cartilage tissues which support cell adhesion and proliferation.…”

3D Silk Fiber Construct Embedded Dual-Layer PEG Hydrogel for Articular Cartilage Repair – In vitro Assessment

“…Due to the above features, there were many attempts to use silk as a biomaterial, and recently got FDA approval for some specific application (Melke et al, 2016). In articular cartilage repair, silk was considered as a candidate polymer due to its outstanding mechanical properties and cell affinity in the forms of electrospun fibers, hydrogel, and microfibers (Cheng et al, 2018;Fazal and Latief, 2018). However, the forms of silk proposed for these applications are prepared with the regenerated silk whose original structure of the silk has been destroyed.…”