BoMiProt 2.0: An update of the bovine milk protein database

Das, A.; Giri, Kuldeep; Behera, Rama N; Maity, Sudipa; Ambatipudi, Kiran

doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104696

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Several studies have focused on the cargo ingredients from milk exosomes. Analysis of the bovine milk protein database revealed that among different milk fractions, including whey, fat globule membranes, and exosomes, exosomes contained 684 exclusive proteins from an entire list of 6063 proteins [28]. Proteins can be post-translationally modified by glycosylation; some glycosylated proteins are associated with diseases and can serve as potential biomarkers.…”

Section: Source Of Milk Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Milk Exosomes for Musculoskeletal Health: Talking Points in Recent Outcomes

Kim,

Lee

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Milk is a nutrient-rich food source, and among the various milks, breast milk is a nutrient source provided by mothers to newborns in many mammals. Exosomes are nano-sized membranous extracellular vesicles that play important roles in cell-to-cell communication. Exosomes originate from endogenous synthesis and dietary sources such as milk. Discovered through electron microscopy as floating vesicles, the existence of exosomes in human milk was confirmed owing to a density between 1.10 and 1.18 g/mL in a sucrose gradient corresponding to the known density of exosomes and detection of MHC classes I and II, CD63, CD81, and CD86 on the vesicles. To date, milk exosomes have been used for treating many diseases, including cancers, and are widely proposed as promising carriers for the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents. However, few studies on milk exosomes focus on geriatric health, especially sarcopenia and osteoporosis related to bone and muscle. Therefore, the present study focused on milk exosomes and their cargoes, which are potential candidates for dietary supplements, and when combined with drugs, they can be effective in treating musculoskeletal diseases. In this review, we introduce the basic concepts, including the definition, various sources, and cargoes of milk exosomes, and exosome isolation and characterization methods. Additionally, we review recent literature on the musculoskeletal system and milk exosomes. Since inflammation and oxidative stress underly musculoskeletal disorders, studies reporting the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of milk exosomes are also summarized. Finally, the therapeutic potential of milk exosomes in targeting muscle and bone health is proposed.

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Section: Source Of Milk Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Milk Exosomes for Musculoskeletal Health: Talking Points in Recent Outcomes

Kim,

Lee

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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“…Bovine milk proteins databases BoMiProt (from 2020) [143] and upgraded BoMiProt 2.0 (from 2022) [144] are manually curated databases with over 10 642 proteins from whey, MFGM, and exosomes, including 1287 proteins with PTMs (http://www.bomiprot.org). Another protein atlas reporting of 4654 proteins from healthy cows found in 20 publications of milk proteomes has been compiled, in which the proteins are categorized based on milk fractions (skimmed milk, whey, MFGM, and exosomes), and according to five lactation stages [137].…”

Section: Databases Of Proteins Peptides and Ev-derived Proteins From ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in separation and identification of biologically important milk proteins and peptides

Št́astná

2023

Electrophoresis

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Milk is a rich source of biologically important proteins and peptides. In addition, milk contains a variety of extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, that carry their own proteome cargo. EVs are essential for cell–cell communication and modulation of biological processes. They act as nature carriers of bioactive proteins/peptides in targeted delivery during various physiological and pathological conditions. Identification of the proteins and protein‐derived peptides in milk and EVs and recognition of their biological activities and functions had a tremendous impact on food industry, medicine research, and clinical applications. Advanced separation methods, mass spectrometry (MS)‐based proteomic approaches and innovative biostatistical procedures allowed for characterization of milk protein isoforms, genetic/splice variants, posttranslational modifications and their key roles, and contributed to novel discoveries. This review article discusses recently published developments in separation and identification of bioactive proteins/peptides from milk and milk EVs, including MS‐based proteomic approaches.

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“…Given the importance of modifications of amino acid residues, contemporarily-developed computer programs take account of such modifications in protein sequences [1][2][3][4][5]. Databases annotating modified amino acid residues in proteins have recently been established as well [6][7][8]. Modifications of amino acid residues are also considered in records of peptide sequences in various databases [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and during prediction of both structure [19] and physicochemical properties of peptides such as, for example, the isoelectric point [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Silico Analysis of Individual Fractions of Bovine Casein as Precursors of Bioactive Peptides—Influence of Post-Translational Modifications

2023

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Bovine casein is one of the most known precursors of bioactive peptides among food proteins. Thus far, in silico investigations addressing casein have taken no account of the impact of modifications of amino acid residues on the feasibility of bioactive peptide release. The present study aimed to determine the effect of such modification on the possibility of release of bioactive peptides from casein during simulated digestion. The αs1-, αs2-, β-, and κ-casein sequences were deposited in the BIOPEP-UWM protein database considering phosphorylated amino acids, cysteine residues forming disulfide bridges, and pyroglutamic acid residues. The frequency of occurrence of bioactive fragments and the frequency of their release by digestive enzymes were determined for the analyzed modified and unmodified proteins. Peptides found exclusively in the sequences of unmodified proteins were deemed as false-positive results. From 1.74% (β-casein A2) to 4.41% (αs2-casein B and D) of the false-positive results were obtained for the total frequency of occurrence of bioactive fragments (sums of frequencies computed for all activities). In turn, from 1.78% (κ-casein B) to 9.18% (β-casein A2 and A3) of false-positive results were obtained for the predicted total frequency of release of bioactive peptides by the system of digestive enzymes (pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin).

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BoMiProt 2.0: An update of the bovine milk protein database

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Application of Milk Exosomes for Musculoskeletal Health: Talking Points in Recent Outcomes

Application of Milk Exosomes for Musculoskeletal Health: Talking Points in Recent Outcomes

Advances in separation and identification of biologically important milk proteins and peptides

In Silico Analysis of Individual Fractions of Bovine Casein as Precursors of Bioactive Peptides—Influence of Post-Translational Modifications

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