Thirty-seven calculation
methods were benchmarked against the available
experimental bond lengths and energies data regarding the Ag–X
bonds. The theoretical protocol PBE0/VDZ//ωB97x-D/mVTZ was found
to be capable of accurately predicting the homolytic bond dissociation
energies (BDEs) of Ag–X complexes with a precision of 1.9 kcal/mol.
With the available method in hand, a wide range of different Ag–X
BDEs were estimated. BDE(Ag–CH
2
X), BDE(Ag–PhX),
BDE(Ag–OPhX), and BDE(Ag–OCOPhX) (X = NH
2
, OMe, Me, H, Cl, and NO
2
) were found to be in the ranges
of 27–47, 51–54, 19–39, and 64–70 kcal/mol,
respectively. Subsequently, Hammett-type analysis was carried out
with reactivity parameters. Good positive linear relationships were
found for BDE of Ag−O bands and decarboxylation barriers of
Ag–OCOPhX with the Hammett constant σ. It suggested that
electron-donating substituents could promote either the homolytic
cleavage of the Ag–OPhX bond to undergo a radical process or
Ag–OCOPhX decarboxylation. Moreover, ligand effects on Ag–H
bonds were investigated using BDE(Ag–H) and related NPA charges
on Ag. In the case of P-ligands, carbene ligands, and other small
molecule ligands (i.e., CO, CO
2
, and H
2
O), a
good negative linear relationship was found. In contrast, N-ligands
could have a reverse effect. Understanding the intrinsic relationships
of BDE(Ag–X) with related reactivity parameters might help
gain insights into the structure–reactivity relationships in
Ag–X-assisted C–H activation/decarboxylation.