Bone Cements and Their Potential Use in a Mandibular Endoprosthesis

Abstract

Bone cement was first used in the 1950s. Since then many modifications have been made and alternatives developed to the original polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement. In view of the use of bone cement in a novel mandibular endoprosthetic system, we performed a review of the current literature on this material. Different cements are described and their potential use in a mandibular endoprosthetic system discussed. The PMMA-based cements are currently the most suitable choice. Plain PMMA has the longest track record and is the default choice for the initial development phase of this system. If there is a significant risk of infection, then an antibiotic-loaded PMMA cement can be selected. However, modified PMMA cements, composite resin cements, osteoinductive calcium phosphate compounds, and cementless fixation are options that offer advantages over PMMA cements, and further research should be conducted to study their suitability.

Evaluation of Soft Tissue Coverage over Porous Polymethylmethacrylate Space Maintainers Within Nonhealing Alveolar Bone Defects

“…63 Despite these findings, a number of studies exist that report no complications with solid PMMA use in craniofacial applications. 12,35,64,65 Porous PMMA, as previously mentioned, has also been investigated in animal studies and limited clinical use. In a long-term study in guinea pigs comparing porous and solid PMMA implanted in the hypodermis, van Mullem et al reported implant extrusion occurred in 4/36 solid implants and none of the porous implants.…”

Enhanced Dentin-Like Mineralized Tissue Formation by AdShh-Transfected Human Dental Pulp Cells and Porous Calcium Phosphate Cement

“…Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) possessed self-setting, moderate compressive strength even in loading sites and highly biocompatibility properties. It has been extensively studied and clinically used as bone substitute materials [13]–[15]. Recently, it was explored that CPC could facilitate the growth and differentiation of hDPCs in vitro; however, the potential of complexes with hDPCs and CPC for mineralized tissue formation need to be systematically investigated in vivo [16].…”

Effect of Calcium Phosphate Cements on Growth and Odontoblastic Differentiation in Human Dental Pulp Cells

“…Self-setting CPC materials are widely used for orthopedic and dental applications and have the potential to stimulate osteogenesis (11). The self-setting, moderate compressive strength even in loading sites and highly biocompatibility properties (12) suggest that CPC is superior to pure CH, which means that this material may have applications in pulp capping to induce reparative dentin formation or as a lining material (13).…”