Bone Mass and Bone Quality Are Altered by Hypoactivity in the Chicken

Aguado, Eric; Pascaretti-Grizon, Florence; Goyenvalle, Eric; Audran, Maurice; Chappard, Daniel

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0116763

Cited by 46 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Prolonged immobility in cage hens increases bone resorption whereas increased physical activity (as in aviary birds) stimulate bone formation and remodeling. These results are comparable with other studies using laying hens and broiler chickens as animal models and which show the effects immobility or physical activity restriction on bone growth/ quality (Bassey 1995;Mosekilde et al, 1994;Bell et al, 1988;Shipov et al, 2010;Aguado et al, 2015;2017). Besides changes in the amount of bone for different levels of physical activity, changes in bone material properties could have also influenced bone breaking strength.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Its prevalence in commercial flocks of laying hens, particularly towards the end of lay, and associated bone fractures, is an important welfare challenge (Whitehead, 2004;Webster, 2004;Mazzuco and Hester, 2005;Fleming et al, 2006). On the other hand, it is well known that bone is able to adapt to mechanical loads and that increased physical activity stimulates bone formation whereas hypoactivity induces bone loss in chickens (Fleming et al, 2006;Shipov et al, 2010;Aguado et al 2015) in a similar way as in other animal models and humans (Isaksson et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2013;Warden et al, 2014;Aido et al, 2015). Thus, housing systems that allow for an increased mobility influences the incidence and severity of osteoporosis in laying hens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of physical activity on tibial bone material properties in laying hens

Rodríguez‐Navarro

McCormack

Fleming

et al. 2018

Journal of Structural Biology

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Laying hens develop a type of osteoporosis that arises from a loss of structural bone, resulting in high incidence of fractures. In this study, a comparison of bone material properties was made for lines of hens created by divergent selection to have high and low bone strength and housed in either individual cages, with restricted mobility, or in an aviary system, with opportunity for increased mobility. Improvement of bone biomechanics in the high line hens and in aviary housing was mainly due to increased bone mass, thicker cortical bone and more medullary bone. However, bone material properties such as cortical and medullary bone mineral composition and crystallinity as well as collagen maturity did not differ between lines. However, bone material properties of birds from the different type of housing were markedly different. The cortical bone in aviary birds had a lower degree of mineralization and bone mineral was less mature and less organized than in caged birds. These differences can be explained by increased bone turnover rates due to the higher physical activity of aviary birds that stimulates bone formation and bone remodeling. Multivariate statistical analyses shows that both cortical and medullary bone contribute to breaking strengthThe cortical thickness was the single most important contributor while its degree of mineralization and porosity had a smaller contribution. Bone properties had poorer correlations with mechanical properties in cage birds than in aviary birds presumably due to the greater number of structural defects of cortical bone in cage birds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of physical activity on tibial bone material properties in laying hens

Rodríguez‐Navarro

McCormack

Fleming

et al. 2018

Journal of Structural Biology

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“…The proximal metaphysis is preferred for μCT analysis of avian trabecular bone because it contains a large amount of trabecular bone that distributes impact loads applied to the cortex thus contributing appreciably to the mechanical strength of the long bones [37][38][39]. Trabecular bone analysis was performed only from day 7 onward due to the scarcity of trabeculae on day 1.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Basic morphometry, microcomputed tomography and mechanical evaluation of the tibiotarsal bone of a dual-purpose and a broiler chicken line

et al. 2020

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Continuous loading of the skeleton by the body's weight is an important factor in establishing and maintaining bone morphology, architecture and strength. However, in fast-growing chickens the appendicular skeleton growth is suboptimal making these chickens predisposed to skeletal mineralization disorders and fractures. This study compared the macroand microstructure as well as the mechanical properties of the tibiotarsus of a novel dualpurpose, Lohmann Dual (LD) and a highly developed broiler, Ross (Ross 308) chicken line. Eighty one-day-old male chicks of each line were grown until their body weight (BW) reached 2000g. Starting at the day of hatching, six birds of each line were sampled weekly. The weight, length and width of the tibiotarsus were measured and its mechanical properties (rigidity, M-Max and the M-fracture) were evaluated using the three-point bending test. Additionally, the mineral density of both, trabecular and cortical bone, the bone volume fraction, the trabecular number, thickness and separation plus cortical thickness of both chicken lines were analyzed using microcomputed tomography. The growth of the tibiotarsus in both chicken lines followed a similar pattern. At the same age, the lighter LD chickens had shorter, thinner and lighter tibiotarsi than those of Ross chickens. However, the LD chickens had a similar cortical thickness, bone volume fraction and similar mineral density of both trabecular and cortical bone to that of Ross chickens. Furthermore, the tibiotarsus of LD chickens was longer, heavier and wider than those of Ross chickens of the same BW. In addition the rigidity of the LD tibiotarsus was greater than that of Ross chickens. This suggests that the tibiotarsus of LD chickens had more bending resistance than those of Ross chickens of the same BW. Consequently, fattening LD chickens to the marketable weight should not affect their leg skeleton stability.

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“…Under the pressure of constant egg production, the cortical bone of the laying hen is progressively lost during the laying period, resulting in skeletal fragility and great susceptibility to fractures which was descripted as caged layer osteoporosis ( CLO ) ( Jiang et al., 2019 ). With the breeding density of laying hens increasing, the limitation of sport environment has also increased the loss of bone mass ( Aguado et al., 2015 ; Rodriguez-Navarro et al., 2018 ). What worse, laying hens with skeletal problems usually have a poor egg laying performance ( Rufener et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation of total flavonoids from Rhizoma Drynariae improves bone health in older caged laying hens

Huang

Tong

et al. 2020

Poultry Science

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Caged layer osteoporosis ( CLO ) is a common bone metabolism diseases and poses a great threat to the production of laying hens. So far, there is no effective nutrition intervention to prevent CLO. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary total flavonoids from Rhizoma Drynariae ( TFRD ), a Chinese herbal, on bone health, egg quality, and serum antioxidant capacity of caged laying hens. A total of two hundred sixteen, 54-wk-old Lohmann Pink-shell laying hens at were allocated to 3 groups with 6 replicates of 12 hens per replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet ( BD ) and 2 treatment groups additionally supplied with 0.5 or 2.0 g/kg TFRD, respectively. Results showed that supplying 2.0 g/kg TFRD enhanced the activities of serum total antioxidant capacity ( P < 0.01) and glutathione peroxidase ( P < 0.05) and had higher femur and tibia bone mineral density (both P < 0.05) compared with the control group. Dietary 2.0 g/kg TFRD also reduced the activities of serum alkaline phosphatase ( P < 0.01), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase ( P < 0.01), and the contents of osteocalcin ( P < 0.01). Furthermore, tibia histomorphology observation showed that the microstructure of bone tissue was improved after TFRD treatment. Egg quality was not affected by TFRD while the egg weight significantly increased ( P < 0.01). These findings suggested that TFRD has beneficial effects on bone health in older caged laying hens.

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Bone Mass and Bone Quality Are Altered by Hypoactivity in the Chicken

Cited by 46 publications

References 44 publications

Influence of physical activity on tibial bone material properties in laying hens

Influence of physical activity on tibial bone material properties in laying hens

Basic morphometry, microcomputed tomography and mechanical evaluation of the tibiotarsal bone of a dual-purpose and a broiler chicken line

Dietary supplementation of total flavonoids from Rhizoma Drynariae improves bone health in older caged laying hens

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