Bone mass in children and adolescents infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Lima, Luiz Rodrigo Augustemak de; Silva, Rosane C.R. da; Giuliano, Isabela de Carlos Back; Sakuno, Telma; Brincas, Sérgio M.; Carvalho, Aroldo P. de

doi:10.1016/j.jpedp.2012.08.010

Cited by 15 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Growth among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS in the present study was similar to patterns of growth in the general population, with an increase in weight and height with age 26 ; however, these groups were generally below the reference curves 20,21 . This result is in accordance with the literature that shows the influence of ARVT on the bone mass depletion affecting, in its turn, both weight and height 27 .…”

Section: Children and Adolescentssupporting

confidence: 93%

Weight and height of people living with HIV/AIDS attended by the Brazilian National Health System

Bassichetto¹,

Bergamaschi

Frainer

et al. 2013

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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The nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is related to morbidity and mortality and its monitoring is important in the maintenance of the health status. This is a cross-sectional study carried out in Brazilian National Health System in the Municipality of São Paulo. It describes anthropometrical characteristics: weight and height; indices of weight for height (W/H), height for age (H/A), body mass index for age (BMI/A) and Z score for height and weight. The study includes 772 participants from all ages: children, adolescents, adults and elderly. The graphical analysis shows that in under-5s and in the 5 to 19 years old group, the W/H, the H/A and the BMI/A curves are similar to the reference population with an exception in the H/A for 5 to 19 years old group which is left-shifted (mean Z = -0.66). In the case of adults, graphics for the study population show median weight apparently lower than in the reference population for most age groups in the case of men, and when age is greater in women. The proportion of people over 20 years old with AIDS on anti-retroviral therapy is lower when coinfection is present (p < 0.001). The findings of the study showed that, for children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS, the average weight and height are lower than the values for non infected population. For adults and elderly, the weight average is lower than the reference population with a worsening among coinfected patients. This underscores the need to direct more effort in nutritional actions thus helping enhance the health status of this group.

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Section: Children and Adolescentssupporting

confidence: 93%

Weight and height of people living with HIV/AIDS attended by the Brazilian National Health System

Bassichetto¹,

Bergamaschi

Frainer

et al. 2013

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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“…However, this reduction was not related to calcium intake, but rather to the use of HAART with protease inhibitors. 38 Iron and vitamin A intakes were evaluated in this study, although these intakes are not considered to be accurately estimated by the FFQA. 14 In contrast to evidence that dietary supplements confer benefits in HIV patients, few data are available, and they are controversial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary intake and nutritional status of HIV-1-infected children and adolescents in Florianópolis, Brazil

et al. 2013

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This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the nutritional status and dietary intake of HIV-infected children and adolescents and the relationship between nutritional status and dietary intake and CD4(+) T-cell count and viral load. The sample was composed of 49 subjects aged 7-17 years and living in Florianópolis, Brazil. Nutritional status was assessed by height-for-age and body mass index-for-age. Dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Spearman correlations and multiple linear regressions were used to determine the relationship between energy, nutrient intake and body mass index-for-age and CD4(+) T-cell count and viral load. The mean body mass index-for-age and height-for-age values were -0.26 ± 0.86 and -0.56 ± 0.92, respectively. The energy intake was 50.8% above the estimated energy requirement and inadequate intake of polyunsaturated fat, cholesterol, fibre, calcium and vitamin C was present in 100%, 57.1%, 40.8%, 61.2% and 26.5% of the sample, respectively. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that energy intake was correlated with CD4+ T-cell count (r = 0.33; p = 0.028) and viral load (r = -0.35; p = 0.019). These data showed low body mass index-for-age and height-for-age z-scores, high energy intake and inadequate intake of important nutrients for immune function, growth and control of chronic diseases. A lower energy intake was correlated with viral suppression and immune preservation.

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“…Findings from the NISDI study include a very low mortality rate, dyslipidemia in over a quarter, lower rates of insulin resistance than seen in the United States and Europe, low rates of opportunistic infections but higher than seen in comparable populations in the United States and Europe, and relatively low rates of renal and hepatic disease [83Á87]. Two cross-sectional studies of BMD in Brazil demonstrated that between 17 and 32% of PHIVA studied had low BMD, though larger studies with appropriate comparison groups are clearly needed [88,89]. Data on neurocognitive and mental health problems for PHIVA in this region remain very limited.…”

Section: Latin America and The Caribbean Epidemiology And Long-term Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

The changing epidemiology of the global paediatric HIV epidemic: keeping track of perinatally HIV‐infected adolescents

Sohn¹,

Hazra

2013

Journal of the International AIDS Society

131

127

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The global paediatric HIV epidemic is shifting into a new phase as children on antiretroviral therapy (ART) move into adolescence and adulthood, and face new challenges of living with HIV. UNAIDS reports that 3.4 million children aged below 15 years and 2 million adolescents aged between 10 and 19 years have HIV. Although the vast majority of children were perinatally infected, older children are combined with behaviourally infected adolescents and youth in global reporting, making it difficult to keep track of their outcomes. Perinatally HIV-infected adolescents (PHIVA) are a highly unique patient sub-population, having been infected before development of their immune systems, been subject to suboptimal ART options and formulations, and now face transition from complete dependence on adult caregivers to becoming their own caregivers. As we are unable to track long-term complications and survival of PHIVA through national and global reporting systems, local and regional cohorts are the main sources for surveillance and research among PHIVA. This global review will utilize those data to highlight the epidemiology of PHIVA infection, treatment challenges and chronic disease risks. Unless mechanisms are created to count and separate out PHIVA outcomes, we will have few opportunities to characterize the negative consequences of life-long HIV infection in order to find ways to prevent them.

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Bone mass in children and adolescents infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Weight and height of people living with HIV/AIDS attended by the Brazilian National Health System

Weight and height of people living with HIV/AIDS attended by the Brazilian National Health System

Dietary intake and nutritional status of HIV-1-infected children and adolescents in Florianópolis, Brazil

The changing epidemiology of the global paediatric HIV epidemic: keeping track of perinatally HIV‐infected adolescents

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