Bone Microvasculature: Stimulus for Tissue Function and Regeneration

Lee, Eun Jin; Jain, Mahim; Alimperti, Stella

doi:10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0154

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 227 publications

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“…Bone defects caused by trauma, dental diseases, and surgical tumor resection require reconstruction to restore bone structure and function [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Current options to treat these defects include the use of autografts which may be inadequate by supply and demonstrate limitations due to high morbidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineering 3D Printed Scaffolds with Tunable Hydroxyapatite

Kim

Lee

Kotula

et al. 2022

JFB

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Orthopedic and craniofacial surgical procedures require the reconstruction of bone defects caused by trauma, diseases, and tumor resection. Successful bone restoration entails the development and use of bone grafts with structural, functional, and biological features similar to native tissues. Herein, we developed three-dimensional (3D) printed fine-tuned hydroxyapatite (HA) biomimetic bone structures, which can be applied as grafts, by using calcium phosphate cement (CPC) bioink, which is composed of tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP), dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA), and a liquid [Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) dissolved in ethanol (EtOH)]. The ink was ejected through a high-resolution syringe nozzle (210 µm) at room temperature into three different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, and 0.5) mol/L of the aqueous sodium phosphate dibasic (Na2HPO4) bath that serves as a hardening accelerator for HA formation. Raman spectrometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated the real-time HA formation in (0.01, 0.1, and 0.5) mol/L Na2HPO4 baths. Under those conditions, HA was formed at different amounts, which tuned the scaffolds’ mechanical properties, porosity, and osteoclast activity. Overall, this method may pave the way to engineer 3D bone scaffolds with controlled HA composition and pre-defined properties, which will enhance graft-host integration in various anatomic locations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, osteogenic precursor cells infiltrate the graft, and new bone formation is initiated. In addition, the graft resorption was started by multinuclear cells and osteoclasts [ 2 ]. The resorption rate needs to be similar to the rate of new bone formation for successful graft remodeling [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering 3D Printed Scaffolds with Tunable Hydroxyapatite

Kim

Lee

Kotula

et al. 2022

JFB

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“…Typical long bones have an extremely vascular structure, which is supplied by four artery systems: periosteal, metaphyseal, diaphyseal, and epiphyseal arteries, which are commonly known as nutrient arteries [ 1 ]. The femur bone, which is the only long bone of the thigh, is nourished by four perforating, lateral circumflex, and descending genicular arteries [ 1 ]. Such arteries enter through many vascular foramina termed nutrient foramina [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The femur bone, which is the only long bone of the thigh, is nourished by four perforating, lateral circumflex, and descending genicular arteries [ 1 ]. Such arteries enter through many vascular foramina termed nutrient foramina [ 1 ]. This foramen is the entry point for nutrient artery in the long bones, which then flows into the marrow cavity via the nutrient canal [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such arteries enter through many vascular foramina termed nutrient foramina [ 1 ]. This foramen is the entry point for nutrient artery in the long bones, which then flows into the marrow cavity via the nutrient canal [ 1 ]. Surgeons should have adequate knowledge about the nutrient vascular foramen's exact and precise position in order to avoid intraoperative harm to the artery running through it [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Topographic Anatomy and Clinical Impact of Vascular Foramen on the Trochlear Groove of Adult Human Dry Femora

Haris¹,

Baseer²,

Haris³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Objective In this study, we aimed to assess the topographic anatomy and clinical impact of the vascular foramen on the trochlear groove of adult human dry femora. Materials and methods The incidence, shape, size, and location of the foramen present on the trochlear groove of the distal femur were studied using 33 adult human dry femora of unknown age and gender at the Department of Anatomy at Nowshera Medical College, Nowshera, Pakistan. Using a divider and scale, the incidence and structure of the vascular foramen in the trochlear groove were examined and its position in relation to the trochlear groove's upper and lower articulating edges was recorded. Results Out of 33 femora, 20 (60.6%) were right-sided and 13 (39.4%) were left-sided. All the foramina had round morphometry. In each of the 33 adult human dry femora, 15 (45.5%) had a single trochlear vascular foramen. One solitary trochlear vascular foramen was found in eight (53.3%) of the left femora and seven (46.7%) of the right femora. The diameter of each trochlear vascular foramina was about 2.5-4.5 mm with a mean diameter of 3.5 mm. Trochlear groove upper margin and foramen were 1.75-2.5 cm apart, whereas the lower margin was 0.5-01 cm apart. On average, foramen was 2.2 cm away from the upper margin, and 0.8 cm away from the lower margin. In the midline, nine (60%) trochlear vascular foramina were found, with five (55.5%) resting on the trochlear groove lower margin, and four (44.5%) lying mid-way at varying places from the upper and lower margins. The left of the centerline had six (40%) of the trochlear vascular foramen, whereas no trochlear vascular foramen was seen on the right side of the midline. Conclusions Based on our findings, a significant segment of our population has trochlear vascular foramen present on the trochlear groove as the rate of occurrence of this was found to be 45.5%. The trochlear groove center has the most foramen, accounting for 60% of all the foramen.

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Injectable Biomimetic Hydrogel Guided Functional Bone Regeneration by Adapting Material Degradation to Tissue Healing

Xiao

Wei

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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The treatment of irregular bone defects remains a clinical challenge since the current biomaterials (e.g., calcium phosphate bone cement (CPC)) mainly act as inert substitutes, which are incapable of transforming into a regenerated host bone (termed functional bone regeneration). Ideally, the implant degradation rate should adapt to that of bone regeneration, therefore providing sufficient physicochemical support and giving space for bone growth. This study aims to develop an injectable biomaterial with bone regeneration‐adapted degradability, to reconstruct a biomimetic bone‐like structure that can timely transform into new bone, facilitating functional bone regeneration. To achieve this goal, a hybrid (LP‐CPC@gelatin, LC) hydrogel is synthesized via one‐step incorporation of laponite (LP) and CPC into gelatin hydrogel, and the LC gel degradation rate is controlled by adjusting the LP/CPC ratio to match the bone regeneration rate. Such an LC hydrogel shows good osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and angiogenesis effects, with complete implant‐to‐new bone transformation capacity. This 2D nanoclay‐based bionic hydrogel can induce ectopic bone regeneration and promote ligament graft osseointegration in vivo by inducing functional bone regeneration. Therefore, this study provides an advanced strategy for functional bone regeneration and an injectable biomimetic biomaterial for functional skeletal muscle repair in a minimally invasive therapy.

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Bone Microvasculature: Stimulus for Tissue Function and Regeneration

Cited by 35 publications

References 227 publications

Engineering 3D Printed Scaffolds with Tunable Hydroxyapatite

Engineering 3D Printed Scaffolds with Tunable Hydroxyapatite

Topographic Anatomy and Clinical Impact of Vascular Foramen on the Trochlear Groove of Adult Human Dry Femora

Injectable Biomimetic Hydrogel Guided Functional Bone Regeneration by Adapting Material Degradation to Tissue Healing

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