Bone Mineral Density Changes after Orchiectomy using a Scrotal Approach in Rats

Ryu, Seong Jun; Ryu, Dal Sung; Kim, Jong Yul; Park, Jeong Yoon; Kim, Kyung Hyun; Chin, Dong Kyu; Kh, Kim; Cho, Young-Eun; Kuh, Sung Uk

doi:10.14245/kjs.2015.12.2.55

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Orx impaired callus formation during the early stages of bone healing, and this effect remained until the end of the study. The orchiectomized rat model applied in the present study is often used to study male osteoporosis and osteoporotic bone healing [ 22 , 25 – 27 ]. Orchiectomy was confirmed by the absence of testis and by the reduction in prostata and levator ani weights [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator Enobosarm on Bone Healing in a Rat Model for Aged Male Osteoporosis

Komrakova¹,

Nagel²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2020

Calcif Tissue Int

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Enobosarm (ostarine, MK-2866, or GTx-024) is a non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulator. This study evaluated the effect of various regimens of enobosarm (EN) on bone healing in an orchiectomized rat model for aged male osteoporosis and compared it to testosterone (T) treatment. Ninety eight-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were either orchiectomized (Orx) or left intact (Non-Orx) and divided into groups (n = 15/group): (1) Non-Orx; (2) Orx; (3) Orx+T-th; (4) Orx+EN-th; (5) Orx+T-pr; and (6) Orx+EN-pr. Prophylaxis (Pr) treatments were applied immediately after Orx for up to 18 weeks. Therapy (Th) treatments were applied 12 weeks after Orx for up to 6 weeks. Bilateral tibia osteotomy with plate osteosynthesis was performed 12 weeks after Orx in all groups. EN and T were mixed with the diet; the daily dosage was 0.35 ± 0.06 and 41 ± 8 mg/kg BW, respectively. Both T treatments improved bone healing by increasing callus volume and area, bone volume and density, and cortical width; they had no effect on prostate or levator ani weight. EN-pr increased the callus area and callus density and decreased cortical density, but increased prostate weight. The effect of T-pr and T-th on bone was stronger than EN-pr. EN-th affected bone healing negatively by reducing callus density and area and delaying osteotomy bridging. Levator ani weight was increased in both EN groups. EN treatment after fracture is not advisable in aged males. EN-pr treatment as a therapy for bone healing in men could be further investigated; endocrinological side effects must be closely monitored.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator Enobosarm on Bone Healing in a Rat Model for Aged Male Osteoporosis

Komrakova¹,

Nagel²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2020

Calcif Tissue Int

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“…After visual identification, the cremaster muscle and skin were sutured without ligation or resection. 12 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 8 There are clinical reports of an increased incidence of osteoporosis in elderly men 8 and prostate cancer patients following orchiectomy, 9 suggesting that androgen deprivation leads to osteoporosis. 10 11 An osteoporotic male animal model can be generated effectively in young rats, 12 and although there are many reports comparing and analyzing the serum bone formation and resorption markers in aged male orchiectomized rats, there have been no published studies on young castrated male rats. Musculoskeletal maturity in rats is defined as no epiphyseal closure in the long bones, and a tapering off of skeletal growth occurs in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats at 28–32 weeks postnatal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Bone Metabolism in Young Castrated Male Rats

Ryu

Kim

et al. 2016

Yonsei Med J

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PurposeTo determine the window of time during which osteoporosis affects the management of spinal surgery and the mechanism of bone metabolism changes in males with osteoporosis by examining changes in bone metabolism in young castrated male rats.Materials and MethodsA total of 30 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into two study groups. Group 1 (control) received a sham surgery and Group 2 received bilateral orchiectomy to change bone mineral density (BMD). Serum osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and collagen type 1 cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX) were analyzed at postoperative date (POD) 8, 10, and 12 weeks. BMDs were measured using micro computed tomography scans.ResultsFemoral and lumbar BMDs were decreased in the orchiectomy groups. BMDs in the sham and orchiectomy groups showed statistically differences at POD 8, 10, and 12 weeks for the femur (p=0.032, 0.008, 0.008) and lumbar spine (p=0.151, 0.008, 0.008, respectively). Serum osteocalcin, ALP, and CTX decreased gradually; however, N-terminal type 1 procollagen (P1NP) showed a slight increase yet no significant change.ConclusionIn young castrated male rats, a significant decrease in BMD was observed after orchiectomy due to the mixture of two detrimental factors. Young castrated male rats did not reach peak BMD. Increased bone turnover causes bone resorption to exceed bone formation. This study may contribute to the creation of a valuable model for studies of male osteoporosis and the spinal surgery field.

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“…Orchiectomy is considered the standard gold treatment for testicular cancer) Kordan, 2010), some cases with prostatic cancer) Demir et al, 2015) and testicular torsion (Berman et al, 2012). Experimental model for orchiectomy was used to study consequences of testosterone deficiency, which occurs with aging, post orchiectomy or due to disorders interrupting the secretion of testosterone (Ryu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study Between Lemon Peel Extract and Testosterone Supplementation on the Hippocampus of Orchiectomized Rat

2019

Aust. J. Basic & Appl. Sci

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causing hippocampal damage results in anterograde amnesia (Gregory et al., 2014). Orchiectomy is a way of studying the consequences of testosterone deficiency in animal models (Mohamed et al., 2014). Androgen depletion leads to apoptosis of neurons (Hammond et al., 2001) with the release of some proteins, including proapoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins. Moreover, testosterone deficiency leads to excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduction of antioxidant agents responsible for the metabolism of ROS (Abdel Moneim, 2014).

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Bone Mineral Density Changes after Orchiectomy using a Scrotal Approach in Rats

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator Enobosarm on Bone Healing in a Rat Model for Aged Male Osteoporosis

Effect of Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator Enobosarm on Bone Healing in a Rat Model for Aged Male Osteoporosis

Changes in Bone Metabolism in Young Castrated Male Rats

Comparative Study Between Lemon Peel Extract and Testosterone Supplementation on the Hippocampus of Orchiectomized Rat

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