Bone regeneration capacity of magnesium phosphate cements in a large animal model

Kanter, Britta; Vikman, Anna; Brückner, Theresa; Schamel, Martha; Gbureck, Uwe; Ignatius, Anita

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2018.01.035

Cited by 101 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…A fast initial ingrowth of vivid bone cells into the medullary cavity resulted in a complete regeneration of the femur corticalis within the drill hole region after 12 weeks. Similar results have already been presented for MPCs in an ovine femoral defect model, where struvite cements displayed almost complete degradation after 10 months accompanied by new bone formation [7]. MPCs have also been subject to studies in rodents, where 3D printed scaffolds were implanted in a rat calvaria defect model leading to enhanced bone regeneration, even with partially increased bone volume [31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…This assumption is based on the higher solubility and biocompatibility of MgP minerals under in vivo conditions [3], which should lead to faster resorption and bone remodeling stimulated by released magnesium ions [4]. This behavior was proofed in a number of animal studies with models ranging from small defects in rabbits [5,6] up to partial load-bearing tibial defects in sheep [7]. Additionally, magnesium phosphate cements (MPC) turned out to show very good biomechanical features, which are even better than clinically well-established calcium phosphate bone fillers [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Bone Regeneration Capacity of Premixed Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes

et al. 2019

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Magnesium phosphate cements (MPC) have been demonstrated to have a superior bone regeneration capacity due to their good solubility under in vivo conditions. While in the past only aqueous MPC pastes have been applied, the current study describes the fabrication and in vitro/in vivo testing of an oil-based calcium doped magnesium phosphate (CaMgP) cement paste. Premixed oil-based pastes with CaMgP chemistry combine the advantages of conventional MPC such as high mechanical strength and good resorbability with a prolonged shelf-life and an easier clinical handling. The pastes set in an aqueous environment and predominantly form struvite and achieve a compressive strength of ~8–10 MPa after setting. The implantation into a drill-hole defect at the distal femoral condyle of New Zealand white rabbits over a course of 6 and 12 weeks demonstrated good biocompatibility of the materials without the formation of soft connective tissue or any signs of inflammation. In contrast to a hydroxyapatite forming reference paste, the premixed CaMgP pastes showed subsequent degradation and bony regeneration. The CaMgP cement pastes presented herein are promising bone replacement materials with excellent material properties for an improved and facilitated clinical application.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Bone Regeneration Capacity of Premixed Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes

et al. 2019

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“…Cements often used in clinical contexts are the brushite cement (CaHPO 4 ·2H 2 O) ChronOS TM Inject and the apatite cement Graftys ® Quickset. ChronOS TM inject is known to have a good degradation rate (within 18 months, manufacturer information) without a lack of strength in this time [6] and the struvite cement has been demonstrated to show quantitative bone remodeling in an large animal model within ten months for both unloaded and load-bearing defects [22,23]. Such struvite cements provide a high initial strength of up to 80 MPa under compression [22], while ChronOS™ inject is mechanically much weaker with a compressive strength of <1 MPa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical Evaluation of Promising Different Bone Substitutes in a Clinically Relevant Test Set-Up

Brueckner

Heilig²,

Jordan³

et al. 2019

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(1) Background: Bone substitutes are essential in orthopaedic surgery to fill up large bone defects. Thus, the aim of the study was to compare diverse bone fillers biomechanically to each other in a clinical-relevant test set-up and to detect differences in stability and handling for clinical use. (2) Methods: This study combined compressive strength tests and screw pullout-tests with dynamic tests of bone substitutes in a clinical-relevant biomechanical fracture model. Beyond well-established bone fillers (ChronOSTM Inject and Graftys® Quickset), two newly designed bone substitutes, a magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) and a drillable hydrogel reinforced calcium phosphate cement (CPC), were investigated. (3) Results: The drillable CPC revealed a comparable displacement of the fracture and maximum load to its commercial counterpart (Graftys® Quickset) in the clinically relevant biomechanical model, even though compressive strength and screw pullout force were higher using Graftys®. (4) Conclusions: The in-house-prepared cement allowed unproblematic drilling after replenishment without a negative influence on the stability. A new, promising bone substitute is the MPC, which showed the best overall results of all four cement types in the pure material tests (highest compressive strength and screw pullout force) as well as in the clinically relevant fracture model (lowest displacement and highest maximum load). The low viscosity enabled a very effective interdigitation to the spongiosa and a complete filling up of the defect, resulting in this demonstrated high stability. In conclusion, the two in-house-developed bone fillers revealed overall good results and are budding new developments for clinical use.

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“…Magnesium phosphate cements (MPCs) are cementitious materials that are formed through a solution acid-based reaction between dead burnt magnesia and phosphate. Retarder and mineral admixtures may be added during hydration reaction to achieve proper workability or specific properties [8][9][10]. Formed at ambient temperatures and exhibiting properties like ceramics, MPCs are also termed chemically bonded phosphate ceramics [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fe2O3 on the Immobilization of High-Level Waste with Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Ceramic

Yang

Wu³

et al. 2019

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations

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For the proposed novel procedure of immobilizing HLW with magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC), Fe2O3 was added as a modifying agent to verify its effect on the solidification form and the immobilization of the radioactive nuclide. The results show that Fe2O3 is inert during the hydration reaction. It slows down the hydration reaction and lowers the heat release rate of the MKPC system, leading to a 3°C-5°C drop in the mixture temperature during hydration. Early comprehensive strength of Fe2O3 containing samples decreased slightly while the long-term strength remained unchanged. For the sintering process, Fe2O3 played a positive role, lowering the melting point and aiding the formation of ceramic structure. CsFe(PO4)2, or CsFePO4, was generated by sintering at 900°C. These products together with the ceramic structure and absorption benefit the immobilization of Cs+. The optimal sintering temperature for heat treatment is 900°C; it makes the solidification form a fired ceramic-like structure.

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Bone regeneration capacity of magnesium phosphate cements in a large animal model

Cited by 101 publications

References 55 publications

Development and Bone Regeneration Capacity of Premixed Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes

Development and Bone Regeneration Capacity of Premixed Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes

Biomechanical Evaluation of Promising Different Bone Substitutes in a Clinically Relevant Test Set-Up

Effect of Fe2O3 on the Immobilization of High-Level Waste with Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Ceramic

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