2015
DOI: 10.1159/000373886
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Bonobos Show Limited Social Tolerance in a Group Setting: A Comparison with Chimpanzees and a Test of the Relational Model

Abstract: Social tolerance is a core aspect of primate social relationships with implications for the evolution of cooperation, prosociality and social learning. We measured the social tolerance of bonobos in an experiment recently validated with chimpanzees to allow for a comparative assessment of group-level tolerance, and found that the bonobo group studied here exhibited lower social tolerance on average than chimpanzees in this paradigm. Furthermore, following the Relational Model of de Waal, we investigated whethe… Show more

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Cited by 34 publications
(61 citation statements)
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“…69 Bonobos are also systematically more capable of co-feeding than chimpanzees, 59,70 although food-sharing experiments yield more ambiguous results. 71,72 In addition, bonobos, unlike chimpanzees, readily share food with strangers 73 and also, unlike chimpanzees, show contagious yawning in response to strangers. 74 Wild bonobos have recently also been seen to share meat with members of other communities, 75 something unimaginable among chimpanzees.…”
Section: Chimpanzees and Bonobosmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…69 Bonobos are also systematically more capable of co-feeding than chimpanzees, 59,70 although food-sharing experiments yield more ambiguous results. 71,72 In addition, bonobos, unlike chimpanzees, readily share food with strangers 73 and also, unlike chimpanzees, show contagious yawning in response to strangers. 74 Wild bonobos have recently also been seen to share meat with members of other communities, 75 something unimaginable among chimpanzees.…”
Section: Chimpanzees and Bonobosmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Investigations of chimpanzee personality have helped to establish the often multi‐dimensional structure of primate social personality traits, a topic which has thus far received less attention in the non‐primate literature (Koski, ). Bonobos also exhibit a highly diverse repertoire of social behavior, however, and although these sister species share many basic behavioral similarities (e.g., Bullinger, Burkart, Melis, & Tomasello, ; Cronin, De Groot, & Stevens, ; Jaeggi, Stevens, & Van Schaik, ; Stanford, ), important differences in their cognition and behavior (e.g., Heilbronner, Rosati, Stevens, Hare, & Hauser, ; Herrmann, Hare, Call, & Tomasello, ; Palagi, ; Wobber, Wrangham, & Hare, ) suggest that bonobos may exhibit a unique social personality structure. Addressing both the conserved and derived features of these species’ personality is crucial for furthering our currently limited understanding of the phylogeny of human personality traits (Weiss, Adams, & Widdig, ) as well as the evolutionary and ecological mechanisms that produce cognitive, affective, and behavioral trait correlations in primate populations (Sih et al, ; Wolf and Weissing, ).…”
Section: Empirical Examplementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bonobos (Pan paniscus) exhibit a different prosociality profile than chimpanzees. In controlled dyadic contexts, they are more socially tolerant than chimpanzees, and often choose to co-feed in close proximity ( [24][25][26][27], but see [28,29]). In the wild, females have even been observed sharing food from their mouths with other non-kin females even though more fruit of the same type is readily available to both-often within reaching distance of the recipient [30].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%