Boosting engine performance with Bose–Einstein condensation

Myers, Nathan M.; Peña, Francisco J.; Negrete, Oscar; Vargas, Patricio; Chiara, Gabriele De; Deffner, Sebastian

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/ac47cc

Cited by 35 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The maximum efficiency is achieved when the chemical work is always done on the substance without waste, and corresponds to negative (non-negative) chemical potential during particle release (injection). Therefore, quantum statistics enhances thermochemical engine performances, as already proven for heat engines [143][144][145][146][147], metrology [148][149][150], and information protocols [151][152][153].…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum thermochemical engines

Marzolino¹

2022

Preprint

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Convertion of chemical energy into mechanical work is the fundamental mechanism of several natural phenomena at the nanoscale, like molecular machines and Brownian motors. Quantum mechanical effects are relevant for optimising these processes and to implement them at the atomic scale. This paper focuses on engines that transform chemical work into mechanical work through energy and particle exchanges with thermal sources at different chemical potentials. Irreversibility is introduced by modelling the engine transformations with finite-time dynamics generated by a time-depending quantum master equation. Quantum degenerate gases provide maximum efficiency for reversible engines, whereas the classical limit implies small efficiency. For irreversible engines, both the output power and the efficiency at maximum power are much larger in the quantum regime than in the classical limit. The analysis of ideal homogeneous gases grasps the impact of quantum statistics on the above performances, which persists in the presence of interactions and more general trapping. The performance dependence on different types of Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs) is also studied. BECs under considerations are standard BECs with a finite fraction of particles in the ground state, and generalised BECs where eigenstates with parallel momenta, or those with coplanar momenta are macroscopically occupied according to the confinement anisotropy. Quantum statistics is therefore a resource for enhanced performances of converting chemical into mechanical work.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum thermochemical engines

Marzolino¹

2022

Preprint

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“…This work is currently undergoing an extension in the context of an endoreversible scenario in order to obtain the finite power output of the proposal machine [ 41 ] considering, in addition, the anisotropy and dipolar interaction terms, both of which are fundamental in the accurate description of authentic materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Otto Engine for the q-State Clock Model

Aguilera

Peña

Negrete

et al. 2022

Entropy

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This present work explores the performance of a thermal–magnetic engine of Otto type, considering as a working substance an effective interacting spin model corresponding to the q− state clock model. We obtain all the thermodynamic quantities for the q = 2, 4, 6, and 8 cases in a small lattice size (3×3 with free boundary conditions) by using the exact partition function calculated from the energies of all the accessible microstates of the system. The extension to bigger lattices was performed using the mean-field approximation. Our results indicate that the total work extraction of the cycle is highest for the q=4 case, while the performance for the Ising model (q=2) is the lowest of all cases studied. These results are strongly linked with the phase diagram of the working substance and the location of the cycle in the different magnetic phases present, where we find that the transition from a ferromagnetic to a paramagnetic phase extracts more work than one of the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless to paramagnetic type. Additionally, as the size of the lattice increases, the extraction work is lower than smaller lattices for all values of q presented in this study.

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“…A promising avenue towards scaling up the power and constancy of quantum thermal machines is to replace working systems with few degrees of freedom by many-body systems capable of hosting collective effects, which may lead to uncovering new mechanisms of energy conversion . Such effects, whose thermodynamics is yet to be fully understood, include: tunable interactions between particles, which can be used for work-extraction [44][45][46]; super-radiance and broken time-translation symmetry, which emerge in multi-level systems coupled to a thermal bath via collective observables [47][48][49][50][51][52]; quantum phase transitions [53][54][55][56] or quantum statistics, which provides a means of controlling an effective pressure that has no classical counterpart [57][58][59][60][61]. Thermodynamic geometry offers a powerful tool to analyse these phenomena from a unifying perspective and thus a potential avenue towards a universal framework describing how many-body effects can alter the performance of quantum thermal machines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic geometry of ideal quantum gases: a general framework and a geometric picture of BEC-enhanced heat engines

et al. 2023

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Thermodynamic geometry provides a physically transparent framework to describe thermodynamic processes in meso- and micro-scale systems that are driven by slow variations of external control parameters. Focusing on periodic driving for thermal machines, we extend this framework to ideal quantum gases. To this end, we show that the standard approach of equilibrium physics, where a grand-canonical ensemble is used to model a canonical one by fixing the mean particle number through the chemical potential, can be extended to the slow driving regime in a thermodynamically consistent way. As a key application of our theory, we use a Lindblad-type quantum master equation to work out a dynamical model of a quantum many-body engine using a harmonically trapped Bose-gas. Our results provide a geometric picture of the BEC-induced power enhancement that was previously predicted for this type of engine on the basis of an endoreversible model [New J. Phys. 24, 025001 (2022)]. Using an earlier derived universal trade-off relation between power and efficiency as a benchmark, we further show that the Bose-gas engine can deliver significantly more power at given efficiency than an equally large collection of single-body engines. Our work paves the way for a more general thermodynamic framework that makes it possible to systematically assess the impact of quantum many-body effects on the performance of thermal machines.

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Boosting engine performance with Bose–Einstein condensation

Cited by 35 publications

References 46 publications

Quantum thermochemical engines

Quantum thermochemical engines

Otto Engine for the q-State Clock Model

Thermodynamic geometry of ideal quantum gases: a general framework and a geometric picture of BEC-enhanced heat engines

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