Boosting the Electrochemical Detection Response Toward Hydroxychloroquine via Tungsten Trioxide Nanorods/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanofiber Nanocomposite

Abstract

The overusage of hydroxychloroquine (HQ) amidst the outbreak of coronavirus disease has contributed to increased fatalities concerning HQ poisoning. Hence, there is an utmost requirement to develop accurate and onsite methodologies for monitoring HQ in biological samples and water bodies. Metal-oxide-decorated carbon nanomaterials present excellent electrocatalytic properties, contributing to improved sensor responses. This study introduces tungsten trioxide nanorods/nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber (WO3/N-CNF) nanocomposite, capable of detecting HQ electrochemically. The conjunction of WO3 with N-CNF offers accelerated charge transfer kinetics with an abundance of surface-active sites that benefit the sensing mechanism. Furthermore, synergistic effects arising from the nanocomposite augment the conductivity and promote faster ion diffusion. The WO3/N-CNF-based electrochemical sensor deliver high performance in the working concentration range of 0.007–480 μM and provides a detection limit of 2.0 nM for HQ. The fabricated sensor has excellent operational stability and reproducibility and is also able to show a superb selectivity toward HQ in comparison to various interfering compounds. This indicates that the designed WO3/N-CNF nanocomposite can be used as a potential electrocatalyst for the real-time monitoring of HQ.

Alkaline earth metal stannate TSnO3 (T = Ca and Sr) entrapped functionalized carbon nanofiber composites: active electrocatalysts for the determination of hydroxychloroquine in environmental samples

“…It is significant to monitor the presence of HCQ in humans and the environment as it is consumed quite widely in daily life. At present, different technologies and methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid-phase microextraction, HPLCfluorescence detection, spectrophotometry, electrochemical sensors, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method [61][62][63] are tried for the sensing of analytes. These conventional techniques except electrochemical sensing require intricate preparation procedures, highly skilled technicians, and expensive equipment.…”

Nanoparticles of SnS on Carbon Nanofibers for Electrochemical Detection of Vanillin

“…This conductivity enables efficient electron transport, which is critical for the operational efficacy of electrochemical sensors. The extensive surface area provided by the nanoscale dimensions of CNFs offers a substantial active site density for analyte adsorption, which significantly enhances the sensitivity of the sensor. − The mechanical strength and flexibility of CNFs contribute to the durability and operational reliability of sensors under various stress conditions. Additionally, the chemical versatility of CNFs permits the introduction of specific functional groups through surface functionalization.…”

Novel Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-Fortified Carbon Paste Electrode for the Sensitive Voltammetric Determination of Atomoxetine

“…With the aim of improved performance and sensitivity, studies were carried out through the integration of the matrix of a voltammetric sensor with different metal oxide nanoparticles. − Nanostructure-based sensors introduced different opportunities and improved the prospects of the analytical approach with enhanced sensitivity and selectivity. Based on the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode modifier, a noticeable shift in the redox potential and acceleration of the electron-transfer kinetics were reported.…”