Border Effects on Nitrogen‐15 Fertilized Winter Wheat Microplots Grown in the Great Plains

Follett, R. F.; Porter, L. K.; Halvorson, A. D.

doi:10.2134/agronj1991.00021962008300030021x

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Initial results of the application technique are described by Follett et al (1991), and the method hereafter referred to as the ' 'Follett et al method.'' The method is adaptable for use with 15 N-labeled NO 3 Ϫ , -urea, or -NH 4 ϩ fertilizer materials.…”

Section: Methodology Used By the Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Illustrations of the versatility of this apparatus and procedure are described in some of the below reports. In testing the procedure, Follett et al (1991) determined that dry matter yields and plant-N uptake by win- Included from left to right are a bucket for carrying the gas cylinder, the spray wand used for spreading the 15 N labeled material, the polyethylene bottle for the liquid that is sprayed onto the microplots, hoses and the gas cylinder that supplies the pressure.…”

Section: Methodology Used By the Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Powlson, et al (1986) evaluated wheat grown in 2 m by 2 m microplots (twelve 16.7 cm rows) in England advised sampling the center six rows and leaving a 50 cm border on each end. Follett et al (1991) advised that the minimum microplot size was 1.5 m by 1.5 m with fallapplied 15 N-labeled fertilizer on winter wheat.…”

Section: Micro-plot Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

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INNOVATIVE¹⁵N MICROPLOT RESEARCH TECHNIQUES TO STUDY NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY UNDER DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEMS

Follett

2001

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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Use of labeled 15 N techniques can help improve and refine knowledge required to understand the dynamics of the N cycle under agricultural systems. The examples reported in this paper illustrate that, with creativity and careful planning, use of 15 N-enriched or depleted fertilizers can be used in many types of N experiments with various crops, cropping systems, and in many types of agroecosystems. The objective is to report examples of a wide range of field studies that researchers can hopefully draw upon to design and utilize N isotope techniques that accomplish the objectives for their own research. Examples of microplot studies with and without physical barriers are discussed along with some of the strengths and limitations of each approach. Even though 15 N technology offers considerable opportunity to understand N cycling, it too has limitations to its use. Types of fertilizer 15 N materials and methods for applying 15 N materials are discussed including some discussion about the use of ammonium versus nitrate forms; literature sources are provided for additional reading about the use of 15 N techniques. 951

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Section: Methodology Used By the Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodology Used By the Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

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INNOVATIVE¹⁵N MICROPLOT RESEARCH TECHNIQUES TO STUDY NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY UNDER DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEMS

Follett

2001

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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“…Nitrogen movement is in this way restricted to the vertical direction and lateral movement in or out of the experimental area is prevented. Although avoiding lateral N transport and reducing plot sizes and consequently 15 N cost, it limits lateral root growth and causes an artificial porosity increasing water and solute movement at the physical interface (FOLLETT et al, 1991;SANCHEZ et al, 1987). If physical barriers are not used, careful attention should be given to plot size with reference to the border area of the effective harvesting area, taking into account horizontal N movement in the soil, root growth to areas outside the plot and the cost of labeled fertilizer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a 15N plot design for estimating plant recovery of fertilizer nitrogen applied to sugar cane

Trivelin

Cabezas

Victória

et al. 1994

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Two experiments were conducted on commercial sugar cane fields cropped with the variety SP70-1143, with the objective of evaluating a single row microplot design to determine plant recovery of 15 N fertilizer nitrogen. One of them used 15 N-aqua ammonia and 15 N-urea applied to two linear meter microplots of a ratoon crop (four replicates). The second used one linear meter microplots (three replicates) which received 15 N-aqua ammonia only. The fertilizers were applied on 15cm deep furrows, located 25cm from both sides of the cane row. One linear meter of ratoon cane, inside and outside of the microplot, and on the same and adjacent rows were harvested twelve months after fertilization. The results indicate the feasibility of using single row segments of ratoon cane with 15 Nfertilizer. The main advantage of this microplot design, when compared to the classical 3 contiguous row segments, is that only one third of the labeled fertilizer is needed. In a single row, in order to separate the nitrogen taken up by plants from the fertilizer applied to the row (N r dff r ), from that applied to adjacent rows (N r dff r+1 , and N r dff r-1 ), the following should be considered: (a) a border segment of 0.5 to 1.0m inside the plot, so that Ndff results from plants harvested in the center of the microplot represent the actual value of fertilizer nitrogen taken up from that applied to the same row, and (b) harvest of plants from adjacent rows at equivalent positions to those sampled inside the microplot, to quantify the 15 N-fertilizer uptake by outside plants (N r+1 dff r and N r-1 dff r ), which is assumed to be the same as non labeled fertilizer applied to adjacent rows (N r dff r+l and N r dff r-1 ) taken up by inside plants. The Ndff total values should be calculated by the equation: Ndff total = N r dff r + N r+1 dff r + N r-1 dff r .

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“…This indicates that the tested N rates, N uptake, and N content were good predictors of cotton lint yield of the Aleppo 33 cultivar tested in this study. Follett et al [39] found that 15 N recovery by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants was more than 40.0 cm from the labeled subplot. Lint yields as a function of N input under drip fertigation has consistently and significantly increased, ranging between 1852 and 2221 kg/ha.…”

Section: Equivalent Nitrogen Fertilizer and Total Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Nitrogen Content, Uptake, Partitioning, and Recovery by Cotton Crop Grown under Surface Irrigation and Drip Fertigation by using Isotopic Technique

Janat

2004

Comm Soil Sci Plant An

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Field experiments were carried out through four consecutive years, 1995-1998, to assess the effect of irrigation methods and nitrogen (N) rates on nitrate status of the soil, N uptake, efficiency, partitioning, equivalent nitrogen fertilizer uptake (ENFU) and equivalent total nitrogen uptake (ETNU) by cotton by using the 15 N technique. Treatments consisted of two irrigation methods, surface irrigation, and drip fertigation. Drip-fertigated cotton received five different nitrogen rates (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 kg N/ha), while only one rate (180 kg N/ha) was applied to the surface-irrigated cotton. All N ORDER REPRINTS fertilizers were applied as urea 46% N. Representative samples of the aboveground portions of cotton plants were harvested from the labeled subplots at physiological maturity and then were separated into leaves, stems, and fruiting forms. Dry matter weight, total N content, N uptake, and 15 N excess atom percentage were assessed for each plant fraction, except lint. Soil-water status was monitored by using a neutron probe procedure, and irrigation scheduling was established according to the feedback data obtained. Soil solution nitrate as a function of time and depth was also evaluated by using a nitrate-strips procedure. Results indicated that N content, ETNU, ENFU, N uptake, and partitioning by cotton varied due to N input and irrigation methods. Nitrogen uptake and content in plant's tissues was increased as a function of N input and soil N status. Furthermore, N uptake was very high in a few instances, which might be due to the high residual N in the soil or due to high root activity of the cotton cultivar used in this study (Aleppo 33). Almost 55-63% of the accumulated N was partitioned into the fruiting forms, 27-35% in the leaves, and 9-10% in the stems of the cotton plants grown under drip fertigation. Whereas, under surface irrigation the percentage of accumulated N was partitioned as 57% in the fruiting forms, 34% in the leaves, and 9% in the stems. Fruiting forms and leaves were the major N sinks. Lint yield was highly correlated with N uptake, rates and content in plant tissues. Nitrogen recovery varied with different seasons, N input, and irrigation method. Equivalent total N uptakes, N fertilizer uptake, and the ratio of N uptake, of drip-fertigated relative to surface-irrigated cotton proved to be a good indicator for fertilizer and irrigation management.

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Border Effects on Nitrogen‐15 Fertilized Winter Wheat Microplots Grown in the Great Plains

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

INNOVATIVE¹⁵N MICROPLOT RESEARCH TECHNIQUES TO STUDY NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY UNDER DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEMS

INNOVATIVE¹⁵N MICROPLOT RESEARCH TECHNIQUES TO STUDY NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY UNDER DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEMS

Evaluation of a 15N plot design for estimating plant recovery of fertilizer nitrogen applied to sugar cane

Assessment of Nitrogen Content, Uptake, Partitioning, and Recovery by Cotton Crop Grown under Surface Irrigation and Drip Fertigation by using Isotopic Technique

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Border Effects on Nitrogen‐15 Fertilized Winter Wheat Microplots Grown in the Great Plains

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

INNOVATIVE15N MICROPLOT RESEARCH TECHNIQUES TO STUDY NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY UNDER DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEMS

INNOVATIVE15N MICROPLOT RESEARCH TECHNIQUES TO STUDY NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY UNDER DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEMS

Evaluation of a 15N plot design for estimating plant recovery of fertilizer nitrogen applied to sugar cane

Assessment of Nitrogen Content, Uptake, Partitioning, and Recovery by Cotton Crop Grown under Surface Irrigation and Drip Fertigation by using Isotopic Technique

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INNOVATIVE¹⁵N MICROPLOT RESEARCH TECHNIQUES TO STUDY NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY UNDER DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEMS

INNOVATIVE¹⁵N MICROPLOT RESEARCH TECHNIQUES TO STUDY NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY UNDER DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEMS