Borderline Personality Features and Instability of Daily Negative Affect and Self‐Esteem

Tolpin, Laura H.; Gunthert, Kathleen C.; Cohen, Lawrence H.; O’Neill, Suzanne C.

doi:10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00258.x

Cited by 56 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This may be explained by BPD patients’ characteristic oscillations of emotion, identity, and self- and other-evaluations (Tolpin et al, 2004; Lynum et al, 2008). Additionally, the IAT itself shows moderate test–retest reliability, with an average r = 0.56 across nine studies (Nosek et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have found a correlation between BPD features (BPDF) and labile, low self-esteem (Watson, 1998; Tolpin et al, 2004; Zeigler-Hill and Abraham, 2006). Further, Lynum et al (2008) found that participants with BPD had higher explicit self-esteem as reported on the Self-Esteem Index than those with avoidant personality disorder (APD), although both groups scored in the clinical range of low self-esteem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implicit Self-Esteem in Borderline Personality and Depersonalization Disorder

Hedrick¹,

Berlin²

2012

Front. Psychology

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Self-perception is disrupted in people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and depersonalization disorder (DPD), fluctuating with sudden shifts in affect in BPD and experienced as detached in DPD. Measures of implicit self-esteem (ISE), free from conscious control and presentation biases, may highlight how such disruptions of self-concept differentially affect these two populations on an unconscious level. We examined ISE using the Implicit Association Test, along with measures of emotion, behavior, and temperament, in BPD (n = 18), DPD (n = 18), and healthy control (n = 35) participants. DPD participants had significantly higher ISE and were more harm avoidant than BPD and control participants, while BPD participants had more “frontal” behaviors and impulsivity and less self-directedness and cooperativeness than DPD and control participants. Thus, while BPD and DPD commonly overlap in terms of dissociative symptoms and emotional irregularities, differences in self-esteem, behavior, and temperament can help identify where they diverge in terms of their cognition, behavior, and ultimately underlying neurobiology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implicit Self-Esteem in Borderline Personality and Depersonalization Disorder

Hedrick¹,

Berlin²

2012

Front. Psychology

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“…Additionally, self-descriptions and attitudes towards themselves are at least somehow unstable in those with BPD [ 92 , 107 , 123 , 124 ]. This is in line with the experience of a poor sense of self, which constitutes a diagnostic criterion of BPD [ 92 ].…”

Section: Self-referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Attention to emotional stimuli in borderline personality disorder – a review of the influence of dissociation, self-reference, and psychotherapeutic interventions

Winter

2016

bord personal disord emot dysregul

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Interactions between attention and processing of emotional stimuli shed light on both sensitivity to emotional stimuli as well as emotion dysregulation. Both of the latter processes have been proposed as central characteristics of altered emotion processing in those with borderline personality disorder (BPD). This review first summarizes the conflicting behavioural, psychophysiological and neuroimaging evidence for the hypothesis that emotional dysregulation should be reflected by higher distractibility through emotional stimuli in those with BPD. Dissociation, self-reference, as well as symptom severity modulated by psychotherapeutic interventions are proposed to help clarify divergent findings. Data suggest an association of dissociation with impaired task continuation during the presentation of interfering emotional and neutral stimuli, as well as high recruitment of neuronal attention networks together with a blunted emotional response. Considering self-reference, evidence suggests that negative rather than positive information may be more self-relevant to those with BPD. This may be due to a negative self-concept and self-evaluation. Social or trauma-relevant information attracts more attention from individuals with BPD and thus suggests higher self-relevance. After psychotherapeutic interventions, initial evidence may indicate normalization of the way attention and emotional stimuli interact in BPD. When studying attention-emotion interactions in BPD, methodological heterogeneities regarding sample, task, and stimulus characteristics need to be considered. When doing so, dissociation, self-reference, and psychotherapeutic interventions offer promising targets for future studies on attention-emotion interactions in those with BPD. This could promote a deeper insight into the affected individuals’ struggle with emotions.

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“…In a population-based sample of married adults (n = 1,127; 635 females), BPD symptom severity was positively associated with marital distress, perpetration of minor and severe marital violence, and marital disruption even after controlling for the presence of 12-month axis I disorders [112]. Similarly, individuals with high levels of BPD traits experienced more negative daily interpersonal events than individuals with low levels of BPD traits [113,114]. …”

Section: Impaired Intimacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairments of Interpersonal Functioning: Empathy and Intimacy in Borderline Personality Disorder

Jeung¹,

Herpertz²

2014

Psychopathology

100

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Impairments of interpersonal functioning are central to borderline personality disorder (BPD). Patients with BPD suffer from severe psychosocial dysfunction in general and - among others - disturbed romantic relationships. Compounding the problem, the diagnosis of BPD interferes with therapeutic relationships and results in pejorative and discriminatory clinical practices. Previously, interpersonal dysfunction has been related to emotional dysregulation, behavioral dyscontrol, and impaired social cognition. However, these features may be intertwined yet separate. In this review, we will focus on disturbed empathy and intimacy as they are referred to as two discrete impairments of interpersonal functioning in the new DSM-5 Section III. The aim of this review is to contribute to a comprehensive, integral understanding of interpersonal dysfunction in BPD based on the behavioral and neurobiological studies available up to now. Despite some inconsistencies, behavioral studies in BPD patients indicate impaired cognitive and affective empathy particularly in complex and ecologically valid measurements. These findings are reflected even more consistently in functional magnet resonance imaging studies. Low quality of intimate relationships in BPD may at least partially result from lower mentalizing abilities and cognitive empathy, higher personal distress and affective empathy in the social context. Finally, the evaluation of the severity and quality of impairment of interpersonal functioning may enable clinicians and researchers to describe and to understand the mechanisms of interpersonal dysfunction better, and to improve the effectiveness of the treatment of patients with BPD.

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Borderline Personality Features and Instability of Daily Negative Affect and Self‐Esteem

Cited by 56 publications

References 41 publications

Implicit Self-Esteem in Borderline Personality and Depersonalization Disorder

Implicit Self-Esteem in Borderline Personality and Depersonalization Disorder

Attention to emotional stimuli in borderline personality disorder – a review of the influence of dissociation, self-reference, and psychotherapeutic interventions

Impairments of Interpersonal Functioning: Empathy and Intimacy in Borderline Personality Disorder

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