“…Usually, it applies to cities located very close to a border, near another urban unit on the other side. But it is also used to describe cities (towns) at the border, not always neighbouring a city on the other side, but a one which is strongly affected by the border in its daily functioning 1 (Arreola, 1996;Jańczak, 2009;Jańczak, 2013;Joenniemi and Sergunin, 2011;Kulczyńska, 2010;Lundén, 2004;LaraValencia and Giner, 2013;Sohn and Lara-Valencia, 2013). Jańczak argues that the most suitable name seems to be border twin towns (cities), which emphasizes the direct neighbourhood of cities (towns) across a state border, regardless of the original formation of such a pair of cities (Jańczak, 2013).…”