“…Unprotected hydrogenated BNPs are reactive with O 2 and easily produce a hydrated boron oxide surface layer, but a high temperature (100 C) can lead to ready decomposition of hydrated boron oxide and desorption of H 2 O. Hydrogenated BNPs can promote a higher ame height in hypergolic ignition of ILs upon contact with nitric acid. Theoretical calculation studies have predicted various physical and chemical properties of nano-sized boron clusters, planar boron nanoclusters, BNPs and 0D boron-containing derivatives, 140,143,[151][152][153][154][155][156] including reactivity, properties, quantum rules, optical absorption spectra, transfer or adsorption behavior, gas sensing, heavy metal adsorbents, etc.…”