Boron nitride nanotubes and nanoplatelets as reinforcing agents of polymeric matrices for bone tissue engineering

Farshid, Behzad; Lalwani, Gaurav; Mohammadi, Meisam Shir; Simonsen, John Lionel; Sitharaman, Balaji

doi:10.1002/jbm.b.33565

Cited by 52 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…For these applications, additional in vitro and in vivo toxicological studies specific to biomedical devices and implants would be needed. Finally, advances in graphene-like inorganic nanoparticles for biomedical applications allow opportunities to compare the biological response of graphene and its inorganic analogues [41, 43, 149–152]. All these studies will further advance the knowledge required to develop safe graphene-based technologies and products suitable for healthcare applications and to minimize the risks to human health.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicology of graphene-based nanomaterials

Lalwani

D’Agati

Khan

et al. 2016

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

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249

151

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Graphene based nanomaterials possess remarkable physiochemical properties suitable for diverse applications in electronics, telecommunications, energy and healthcare. The human and environmental exposure to graphene-based nanomaterials is increasing due to advancements in the synthesis, characterization and large-scale production of graphene and the subsequent development of graphene based biomedical and consumer products. A large number of in vitro and in vivo toxicological studies have evaluated the interactions of graphene-based nanomaterials with various living systems such as microbes, mammalian cells, and animal models. A significant number of studies have examined the short- and long-term in vivo toxicity and biodistribution of graphene synthesized by variety of methods and starting materials. A key focus of these examinations is to properly associate the biological responses with chemical and morphological properties of graphene. Several studies also report the environmental and genotoxicity response of pristine and functionalized graphene. This review summarizes these in vitro and in vivo studies and critically examines the methodologies used to perform these evaluations. Our overarching goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of the complex interplay of biological responses of graphene as a function of their physio-chemical properties.

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Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicology of graphene-based nanomaterials

Lalwani

D’Agati

Khan

et al. 2016

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

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249

151

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“…154 Similar biocompatibility has also been reported for a number of polymer composites containing 2D materials. 64,155–157 Like 2D material thin films, these composites have shown high cell adhesion, low cytotoxicity, and accelerated cell proliferation and growth. While studies exploring these varying structural forms of 2D materials have been limited thus far, it is important to note that by changing the form of the nanomaterial from a dispersion to a thin film or 3D dimensional network, the interface with the biological system fundamentally changes, resulting in different biological outcomes.…”

Section: D Materials Hazard Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing and Mitigating the Hazard Potential of Two-Dimensional Materials

Guiney¹,

Wang

Xia

et al. 2018

ACS Nano

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The family of two-dimensional (2D) materials is comprised of a continually expanding palette of unique compositions and properties with potential applications in electronics, optoelectronics, energy capture and storage, catalysis, and nanomedicine. To accelerate the implementation of 2D materials in widely disseminated technologies, human health and environmental implications need to be addressed. While extensive research has focused on assessing the toxicity and environmental fate of graphene and related carbon nanomaterials, the potential hazards of other 2D materials have only recently begun to be explored. Herein, the toxicity and environmental fate of post-carbon 2D materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitride, and black phosphorus, are reviewed as a function of their preparation methods and surface functionalization. Specifically, we delineate how the hazard potential of 2D materials is directly related to structural parameters and physicochemical properties, and how experimental design is critical to the accurate elucidation of the underlying toxicological mechanisms. Finally, a multidisciplinary approach for streamlining the hazard assessment of emerging 2D materials is outlined, thereby providing a pathway for accelerating their safe use in a range of technologically relevant contexts.

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“…Sol‐fraction analysis was performed to assess the cross‐linking density of the PPF nanocomposites, based on the rationale that the non‐cross‐linked polymeric networks are soluble in polar solvents like methylene chloride, whereas cross‐linked polymeric networks are not . PPF control, SWCNT, MWCNT, SWGONR, MWGONR, and GONP nanocomposite scaffolds exhibited a sol fraction of 17.5 ± 1.3, 13.2 ± 3.4, 16.1 ± 2.1, 13.9 ± 1.6, 14.4 ± 3.7, and 10.7 ± 1.2 wt %, respectively (Figure a, Table S1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A dissolution/rotavaporation method in conjunction with ultrasonic agitation was used to make well‐dispersed nanomaterial/polymer mixtures, as reported previously . Briefly, PPF and NVP were dissolved in chloroform in a 1:1 ratio and an appropriate weight of nanomaterials resulting in 0.2 wt % loading concentration in the final nanocomposite scaffolds was added.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Porous PPF scaffolds lack the mechanical strength necessary for the tissue engineering of load‐bearing bones. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been reported as effective reinforcing agents for PPF nanocomposites We have previously reported the mechanical properties and in vitro cytocompatibility of various one‐ and two‐dimensional (1D and 2D) carbon and inorganic nanomaterials reinforced nonporous PPF nanocomposites . These studies show that 2D graphene‐based nanomaterials are better reinforcing agents than 1D CNTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two‐dimensional graphene oxide‐reinforced porous biodegradable polymeric nanocomposites for bone tissue engineering

Farshid

Lalwani

Mohammadi

et al. 2019

J Biomedical Materials Res

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This study investigates the mechanical properties and in vitro cytotoxicity of two‐dimensional (2D) graphene oxide nanoribbons and nanoplatelets (GONRs and GONPs) reinforced porous polymeric nanocomposites. Highly porous poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) nanocomposites were prepared by dispersing 0.2 wt % single‐ and multiwalled SONRs (SWGONRs and MWGONRs) and GONPs. The mechanical properties of scaffolds were characterized using compression testing and in vitro cytocompatibility was assessed using QuantiFlour assay for cellularity and PrestoBlue assay for cell viability. Immunofluorescence was used to assess collagen‐I expression and deposition in the extracellular matrix. Porous PPF scaffolds were used as a baseline control and porous single and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs) reinforced nanocomposites were used as positive controls. Results show that incorporation of 2D graphene nanomaterials leads to an increase in the mechanical properties of porous PPF nanocomposites with following the trend: MWGONRs > GONPs > SWGONRs > MWCNTs > SWCNTs > PPF control. MWGONRs showed the best enhancement of compressive mechanical properties with increases of up to 26% in compressive modulus (i.e., Young's modulus), ~60% in yield strength, and ~24% in the ultimate compressive strength. Addition of 2D nanomaterials did not alter the cytocompatibility of porous PPF nanocomposites. Furthermore, PPF nanocomposites reinforced with SWGONRs, MWGONRs, and GONPs show an improvement in the adsorption of collagen‐I compared to PPF baseline control. The results of this study show that 2D graphene nanomaterial reinforced porous PPF nanocomposites possess superior mechanical properties, cytocompatibility, and increased protein adsorption. The favorable cytocompatibility results opens avenues for in vivo safety and efficacy studies for bone tissue engineering applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1143–1153, 2019.

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Boron nitride nanotubes and nanoplatelets as reinforcing agents of polymeric matrices for bone tissue engineering

Cited by 52 publications

References 68 publications

Toxicology of graphene-based nanomaterials

Toxicology of graphene-based nanomaterials

Assessing and Mitigating the Hazard Potential of Two-Dimensional Materials

Two‐dimensional graphene oxide‐reinforced porous biodegradable polymeric nanocomposites for bone tissue engineering

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