Boron phenolic resin/silica sol coating gives rigid polyurethane foam excellent and long‐lasting flame‐retardant properties

Xu, Wenzong; Zhong, Di; Chen, Rui; Cheng, Zihao; Qiao, Mengxia

doi:10.1002/pat.5408

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Because they do not change the nature of the matrix, while greatly improving the ability of the matrix to resist flame propagation, they significantly reduce the fire hazard of buildings [ 27 , 28 ]. Flame-retardant coatings are divided into NIFRC [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ] and IFRC [ 33 , 34 , 35 ], depending on whether the flame-retardant coating expands when heated. NIFRCs are generally composed of inorganic materials that can prevent the return of the heat and oxygen supply to the combustible matrix during the heating process of the polymer and, at the same time, prevent the transfer of combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis of the matrix to the flame, thus protecting the polymer matrix [ 4 ].…”

Section: Non-intumescent Flame-retardant Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to hydrogels, silica sol (Si-sol) has also been used to prepare flame-retardant coatings for RPUF. Xu and Zhong [ 31 ] reported a boron phenolic resin (BPR)/Si-sol coated RPUF with a high flame-retardant efficiency. From the LOI test results, the BPR/Si-sol hybrid coating reached a 35 vol % and was higher than those of RPUF coated with BPR (28.3 vol %) or Si-sol (24.5 vol %), indicating that the synergistic effect exists between BPR and Si-sol exists during the combustion process ( Figure 3 a).…”

Section: Non-intumescent Flame-retardant Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… ( a ) The histogram of LOI values of pure RPUF and treated RPUF samples, ( b ) THR, and ( c ) TSP curves of pure RPUF and treated RPUF samples; ( d ) video screenshot of pure RPUF, RPUF coated with BPR, and RPUF coated with BPR/Si-sol during UL-94 test; ( e ) schematic diagram of the flame-retardant mechanism of treated RPUF samples; ( f ) the data of p-HRR, THR, SPR, TSP, residual mass in cone test, and UL-94 test of pure RPUF and treated RPUF samples [ 31 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Flame-Retardant Systems of Rigid Polyurethane Foams: An Overview

et al. 2023

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Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) is one of the best thermal insulation materials available, but its flammability makes it a potential fire hazard. Due to its porous nature, the large specific surface area is the key factor for easy ignition and rapid fires spread when exposed to heat sources. The burning process of RPUF mainly takes place on the surface. Therefore, if a flame-retardant coating can be formed on the surface of RPUF, it can effectively reduce or stop the flame propagation on the surface of RPUF, further improving the fire safety. Compared with the bulk flame retardant of RPUF, the flame-retardant coating on its surface has a higher efficiency in improving fire safety. This paper aims to review the preparations, properties, and working mechanisms of RPUF surface flame-retardant systems. Flame-retardant coatings are divided into non-intumescent flame-retardant coatings (NIFRCs) and intumescent flame-retardant coatings (IFRCs), depending on whether the flame-retardant coating expands when heated. After discussion, the development trends for surface flame-retardant systems are considered to be high-performance, biological, biomimetic, multifunctional flame-retardant coatings.

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Section: Non-intumescent Flame-retardant Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Non-intumescent Flame-retardant Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Flame-Retardant Systems of Rigid Polyurethane Foams: An Overview

et al. 2023

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“…The surface treatment method has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and not damaging the original properties of the substrate 19–23 . Xu et al 24 coated the surface of RPUF with a boron phenolic aldehyde (BPR)/silica sol (Si sol) coating and prepared a flame retardant coating with good thermal stability and a high carbon residue rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The coating based on phenolic resin gives rigid polyurethane foam excellent flame retardant properties

Zhang,

Zheng,

Zhu

et al. 2023

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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A flame retardant coating was designed and synthesized using phenolic resin (PF), 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphazephenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO), and nano‐SiO2 as raw materials. The coating is applied to the surface of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) to give it a flame retardant effect. Based on the excellent adhesion of PF, the coating effectively suppresses heat transfer, and the synergistic effect of DOPO and nano‐SiO2 improves the flame retardancy of RPUF. In addition, vertical combustion experiments have shown that when the ratio of DOPO to nano‐SiO2 is 2:1, there is no dripping, the flame is self‐extinguishing, and the internal structure remains basically unchanged, resulting in the best flame retardant effect. The cone calorimetric test shows that the coating can effectively reduce the total heat release and heat release rate of the substrate, and the smoke release rate and total smoke release data show that its smoke suppression effect is significantly improved. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the coating can effectively improve the residual carbon rate of RPUF, and its mechanical properties are good. This study confirms that coatings based on PF/DOPO/Nano‐SiO2 can effectively improve the flame retardancy of RPUF, providing a potential direction for the development of green insulation materials.

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“…Furthermore, unsatisfactory mechanical properties as well as dependence on petroleum derivative products and causing the environmental pollution brought about some usage restriction of RPUFs. In order to get rid of such problems, natural sourced components in the production of RPUFs, 9,10 bio-based fillers as a secondary materials, 11,12 boron and phosphorous-based flame retardant compounds [13][14][15] and the fibers to impart mechanical endurance 16,17 were used for enhancing the characteristic features of RPUFs, which results in the fabrication more environmentally friendly and improved RPUFs. Within this perspective, when considering that the poultry meat production are equal to 123.7 million tons today, 18 the feathers produced from the poultry animals can be seen as a green (protein-based) filling material for RPUFs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the relation between free volume and physico-mechanical performance in rigid polyurethane foam containing turkey feather fibers: Part 2

Soykan

Khaleel

Çetin

et al. 2022

Journal of Cellular Plastics

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Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were modified with 0–15 wt.% turkey feather fibers (TFFs) produced from waste turkey feathers. One-shut free rising method was used for the production of TFFs-filled-RPUFs in a closed mold. The dependence of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability (WVP) feature of the final foams on TFFs loading was evaluated with free volume change. The free volume analysis was performed via Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS), while the mechanical and WVP characteristics were determined with the use of the universal tester machines. PALS findings showed that the incorporation of TFFs with RPUF matrix caused the considerable diminishment in the free volume due to TFFs serving as a filling material and formation of strong secondary bonds between components. Moreover, tensile strength and extension of the foams decreased with the increasing of TFFs, which caused by the occurrence of noteworthy restriction on the spatial alignment and orientation capability of polyurethane chains due to the lack of sufficient free volume allowing the chains to move freely. As for the compression tests, all the TFFs-loaded RPUFs depicted substantially lower performance due to TFFs interfering with the ordered organization of isocyanate domains. Moreover, impact test results showed that the addition of TFFs into RPUF matrix brought about the insufficient impact energy delocalization throughout the matrix due to the restriction on the mobility of polymer chains. Additionally, the remarkable diminishment in WVP was recorded due to the reduction in the number of vacancies and constitution of keratin composed of roundly 60% of hydrophilic protein (especially cystine). All in all, this study established a strong links between free volume and characteristics of TFFs-loaded RPUFs.

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Boron phenolic resin/silica sol coating gives rigid polyurethane foam excellent and long‐lasting flame‐retardant properties

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Surface Flame-Retardant Systems of Rigid Polyurethane Foams: An Overview

Surface Flame-Retardant Systems of Rigid Polyurethane Foams: An Overview

The coating based on phenolic resin gives rigid polyurethane foam excellent flame retardant properties

Investigation of the relation between free volume and physico-mechanical performance in rigid polyurethane foam containing turkey feather fibers: Part 2

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