Bos grunniens and Bos mutus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)

Procapra przewalskii (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)

“…No particular adaptations of P. picticaudata to living in such extremes have been studied, as they have been for other large mammals in western Asia such as the wild yak (Bos mutus- Leslie and Schaller 2009) and the Mongolian gazelle (Sokolov and Lushchekina 1997), a species occurring at lower elevations than P. picticaudata. Like the white-lipped deer (Przewalskium albirostre-Leslie 2010), P. picticaudata lacks an undercoat; the pelage is composed of only guard hairs, ''neither fine nor very coarse,'' about 38 mm in length, and thick and close in winter (Hodgson 1846:336).…”

“…comm.). Unlike the strongly migratory chiru (Leslie and Schaller 2008;Schaller 1998), and perhaps more like the wild yak (Harris 1993;Leslie and Schaller 2009), P. picticaudata does not seem to move great distances between seasonal ranges (Harris 2008;Schaller 1998). Some female groups move seasonally from low-elevation breeding and winter ranges to high-alpine, mesic summer ranges to give birth; many males, and some females, stay in lowland, grassdominated habitats; males likely establish and maintain breeding territories there (Harris 1993;Schaller 1998).…”

“…Procapra picticaudata generally prefers nondesert steppe and plains and avoids precipitous terrain (Schaller 1998). It is most likely to be found with kiang (St.-Louis and Cô té 2009; Zheng et al 1989), chiru (Harris and Miller 1995;Schaller 1998;Yin et al 2007), and wild yak (Leslie and Schaller 2009;Schaller and Liu 1996) and least likely to be found with argali (Ovis ammon-Fedosenko and Blank 2005) and, in most areas, bharal (Pseudois nayaur-Wang and Hoffmann 1987).…”

Brief Note Variability in the cathelicidin 6 (CATHL-6) gene in Tianzhu white yak from Tibetan area in China

“…It constitutes a large and commercially important species of domestic animals from the genus Bos (Leslie Jr. and Schaller, 2009). Cathelicidins are a major family of antimicrobial peptides, an important component of innate immune system playing a critical role in host defense and disease resistance in virtually all living species (Hancock and Sahl, 2006;Takahashi et al, 2010).…”

Effects of Altitude on the Conservation Biogeography of Lemurs in SouthEast Madagascar

“…Altitudinal specialization is most common in plants, with fewer animals adapted for life at high altitudes. The wild yak (Bos mutus) is one of the few mammals specialized for high-altitude sites, existing only at elevations of 3,000-5,000 m.a.s.l in the Himalayan mountains (Leslie and Schaller 2009). Determining which of these two biogeographic patterns (clinal distribution or specialization) pertain to plants and animals is critical for conservation assessments and planning because taxa that are restricted to high altitudes may be at an increased risk for extirpation or extinction (Doumenge et al 1995).…”