Botanical Description

Ferguson, A. R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32274-2_1

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The qAsA26.1 region bears many similarities to the partially differentiated Actinidia sex chromosome (chromosome 25; [31]). Whereas A. chinensis is widely distributed in eastern lowland China, A. eriantha is restricted to southeastern China [32]. Because AsA can play multiple functional roles in higher plants including as a key redox signal in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses [33], it may be speculated that this extended haplotype has been preserved due to its benefits to adaptive fitness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterisation of a Supergene Conditioning Super-High Vitamin C in Kiwifruit Hybrids

McCallum

Laing

Bulley

et al. 2019

Plants

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During analysis of kiwifruit derived from hybrids between the high vitamin C (ascorbic acid; AsA) species Actinidia eriantha and A. chinensis, we observed bimodal segregation of fruit AsA concentration suggesting major gene segregation. To test this hypothesis, we performed whole-genome sequencing on pools of hybrid genotypes with either high or low AsA fruit. Pool-GWAS (genome-wide association study) revealed a single Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) spanning more than 5 Mbp on chromosome 26, which we denote as qAsA26.1. A co-dominant PCR marker was used to validate this association in four diploid (A. chinensis × A. eriantha) × A. chinensis backcross families, showing that the A. eriantha allele at this locus increases fruit AsA levels by 250 mg/100 g fresh weight. Inspection of genome composition and recombination in other A. chinensis genetic maps confirmed that the qAsA26.1 region bears hallmarks of suppressed recombination. The molecular fingerprint of this locus was examined in leaves of backcross validation families by RNA sequencing (RNASEQ). This confirmed strong allelic expression bias across this region as well as differential expression of transcripts on other chromosomes. This evidence suggests that the region harbouring qAsA26.1 constitutes a supergene, which may condition multiple pleiotropic effects on metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterisation of a Supergene Conditioning Super-High Vitamin C in Kiwifruit Hybrids

McCallum

Laing

Bulley

et al. 2019

Plants

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“…Actinidia are woody perennial species characterized by a relatively large genome with the basic chromosome number x = 29, ploidy variation, large plant size, climbing growth habit and excessive vigour. A genus comprising more than 50 species, Actinidia belong to the order Ericales, with all members being deciduous and dioecious with a temperate flowering phenology (Ferguson, ). A dichasium inflorescence or single flowers develop in the lower leaf axils of the shoots that emerge after winter dormancy and a juvenile unproductive period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extended juvenility and long crossing cycles in particular are considerable constraints for genetic analysis and for creating improved cultivars. Newly established plants may take up to 5 years to grow a full canopy in the field (Ferguson, ), whereas A. chinensis cultivars commonly used for gene functional studies typically take 5 years to first flowering in glasshouse conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutagenesis of kiwifruit CENTRORADIALIS‐like genes transforms a climbing woody perennial with long juvenility and axillary flowering into a compact plant with rapid terminal flowering

Varkonyi‐Gasic

Wang

Voogd

et al. 2018

Plant Biotechnology Journal

119

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Summary Annualization of woody perennials has the potential to revolutionize the breeding and production of fruit crops and rapidly improve horticultural species. Kiwifruit ( Actinidia chinensis ) is a recently domesticated fruit crop with a short history of breeding and tremendous potential for improvement. Previously, multiple kiwifruit CENTRORADIALIS ( CEN )‐like genes have been identified as potential repressors of flowering. In this study, CRISPR /Cas9‐ mediated manipulation enabled functional analysis of kiwifruit CEN ‐like genes Ac CEN 4 and Ac CEN . Mutation of these genes transformed a climbing woody perennial, which develops axillary inflorescences after many years of juvenility, into a compact plant with rapid terminal flower and fruit development. The number of affected genes and alleles and severity of detected mutations correlated with the precocity and change in plant stature, suggesting that a bi‐allelic mutation of either Ac CEN 4 or Ac CEN may be sufficient for early flowering, whereas mutations affecting both genes further contributed to precocity and enhanced the compact growth habit. CRISPR /Cas9‐mediated mutagenesis of Ac CEN 4 and Ac CEN may be a valuable means to engineer Actinidia amenable for accelerated breeding, indoor farming and cultivation as an annual crop.

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“…Reads were aligned using BWA-MEM v0.7.12 [42] To complement the SNP-based analysis, windowed scans for AsA QTL were performed by Next Generation Sequencing Bulked Segregant Analysis (NGS-BSA) [49] using the R package QTLseqr [14] . Input files were generated from VCF files separately for high and low fruit weight samples using samtools bcftools (http://www.htslib.org/doc/bcftools.html), filtering on a set of fixed polymorphisms (file PS1_EA_specific_SNPs.csv.gz in 10.5281/zenodo.3257749) identified between a set of A. chinensis genotypes [33] and A. eriantha using Bambam intersnp [50]. Two pairs of bulks were compared: High AsA/High Fruit Weight versus Low AsA/High Fruit Weight (pools 1 and 3)…”

Section: Sequencing Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of a Supergene Conditioning Super-High Vitamin C in Kiwifruit Hybrids

McCallum¹,

Laing²,

Bulley³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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During analysis of kiwifruit derived from hybrids between the high AsA species Actinidia eriantha and A. chinensis var chinensis, we observed bimodal segregation of fruit AsA concentration suggesting major gene segregation. To test this hypothesis we performed whole-genome sequencing on pools of high and low AsA fruit from tetraploid A. chinensis var. deliciosa x A. eriantha backcross families. Pool-GWAS revealed a single QTL spanning more than 5 Mbp on chromosome 26, which we denote as qAsA26.1. A co-dominant PCR marker was used to validate this association in four diploid (A. chinensis x A. eriantha) x A. chinensis backcross families, showing that the eriantha allele at this locus increases fruit AsA levels by 250 mg/100 g fresh weight. Inspection of genome composition and recombination in other A. chinensis genetic maps confirmed that the qAsA26.1 region bears hallmarks of suppressed recombination. The molecular fingerprint of this locus was examined in leaves of backcross validation families by RNASEQ. This confirmed strong allelic expression bias across this region as well as differential expression of transcripts on other chromosomes. This evidence suggests that the region harboring qAsA26.1 constitutes a supergene, which may condition multiple pleiotropic effects on metabolism.

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Botanical Description

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Molecular Characterisation of a Supergene Conditioning Super-High Vitamin C in Kiwifruit Hybrids

Molecular Characterisation of a Supergene Conditioning Super-High Vitamin C in Kiwifruit Hybrids

Mutagenesis of kiwifruit CENTRORADIALIS‐like genes transforms a climbing woody perennial with long juvenility and axillary flowering into a compact plant with rapid terminal flowering

Molecular Characterization of a Supergene Conditioning Super-High Vitamin C in Kiwifruit Hybrids

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