Botanical Examination of Forage from Esophageal Fistulas in Cattle

Harker, K. W.; Torell, D. T.; Dyne, George M. Van

doi:10.2527/jas1964.232465x

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…O método utilizado para análise da composição botânica do material de extrusa, foi o dos pontos microscópicos (Harker et al 1964), utilizando-se uma lupa binocular com objetiva de 16x, uma prancha de 88 cm de comprimento por 29,5 cm de largura, equipada com um trilho guia contendo 40 entalhes com distância de 1,0 cm entre eles, além de uma bandeja de alumínio medindo 45 cm de comprimento por 15 cm de largura. Foram amostrados 400 g de extrusa referente a cada período e espalhados na bandeja de alumínio, verificando-se, em seguida, a composição botânica da extrusa por meio dos pontos observados (400 pontos no total).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Composição química de forrageiras e seletividade de bovinos em bosque-de-sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) nos períodos chuvoso e seco

et al. 2005

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RESUMO -A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no período de junho de 1999 a março de 2000, com o objetivo de determinar, nos períodos chuvoso e seco, a composição química de sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.), com acúleo e sem acúleo, na dieta de bovinos em condições de pastejo e a composição botânica do bosque de sabiá e da dieta selecionada. Não foi observada diferença significativa quanto à composição química entre os sabiás com e sem acúleo, obtendo-se valores médios, no período chuvoso, de 26,45% de matéria seca (MS), 27,63% de proteína bruta (PB), 44,39% de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), 25,80% de fibra em detergente ácido (FDA), 1,24% de cálcio (Ca), 0,22% de fósforo (P), 1,63% de potássio (K) e 1,12% de sódio (Na). No período seco, os valores médios observados foram de 42,39% de MS; 19,30% de PB; 39,05% de FDN; 21,83% de FDA; 1,25% de Ca; 0,15% de P; 1,63% de K e 0,27% de Na. Para a composição botânica da dieta, observou-se que, durante o período chuvoso, as amostras de extrusa apresentaram maior participação de sabiá (83,1%) que no período seco ( 12,3%). Os resultados obtidos indicaram que, durante o período chuvoso, os animais selecionaram sabiá em maior quantidade para sua dieta e que a coleta manual, como realizada, superestimou a fração fibrosa da dieta calculada a partir da composição química da extrusa.Palavras-chave: forrageira nativa, semi-árido, proteína, extrusa Chemical Composition of Forage and Selectivity by Bovines of "Sabiá" (Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth.) in the Rainy and Dry SeasonsABSTRACT -This trial was carried out from June 1999 to March 2000 to evaluate the chemical composition of samples of sabiá legume (Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth.), with and without thorns, collected in the rainy and dry seasons and to compare the botanical composition of sabiá pasture with that of the diet selected by the grazing animals. No significant difference was observed in chemical composition between samples of sabiá with and without thorns. The mean values obtained in the rainy samples were: 26.45% drymatter (DM), 27.63% crude protein (CP), 44.39% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), 25.80% acid detergent fiber (ADF), 1.24% calcium (Ca), 0.22% phosphorus (P), 1.63% potassium (K) and 1.12% sodium (Na). In the dry period samples, the mean values observed were: 42.39% DM, 19.30% CP, 39.05% NDF, 21.83% ADF, 1.25% Ca, 0.15% P, 1.63% K and 0.27% Na. Considering the botanical composition, the rainy extrusa sample showed higher participation of sabiá (83.1%) as compared to the dry period (12.3%). During the rainy period, the animals selected sabiá in higher quantity while the hand plucked samples overestimated the dietary fiber fraction as compared to values for the extrusa samples.

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Section: Methodsunclassified

Composição química de forrageiras e seletividade de bovinos em bosque-de-sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) nos períodos chuvoso e seco

et al. 2005

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“…Diet samples collected by esophageally fistulated goats and sheep during midwet (May), mid-dry (October), and late-dry (December) seasons were analyzed for botanical composition using a microscope point technique [17]. Fifty grams of oven-dried material were spread evenly in a 15 x 30 cm tray.…”

Section: Botanical Composition Of Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clearcutting Brazilian caatinga: assessment of a traditional forest grazing management practice

Kirmse¹,

Provenza

Malechek

1987

Agroforest Syst

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Clearcutting is a common practice for removing woody vegetation in the semiarid tropics of northeast Brazil. The prevalent belief is that clearing increases carrying capacity for livestock by increasing herbaceous vegetation, yet iittle empirical evidence exists to support or refute the contention. We investigated the implications to small ruminant nutrition of clearcutting in the semiarid tropics of northeast Brazil. We found that biomass of herbaceous species increased sixfold following cutting of trees, but much of this increase was in the form of poorly palatable stem. The large supply of leaf litter from woody species that was typical of uncleared areas during the dry season was replaced by persistent green foliage on coppicing trees the year following clearing. This green foliage may enhance the nutritional quality of the diets of sheep and goats foraging on cleared areas during the dry season.

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“…Approximately 2g of fresh masticated plant material was distributed by this method on each of 12 filter papers so that there was minimum overlapping of plant particles. The filter papers were placed on a moveable board under a binocular microscope and were viewed at a magnification of 12-5 in a similar manner to that reported by Harker, Torell and van Dyne (8). One eyepiece of the microscope had two points defined by pairs of crosshairs and the plant material falling beneath each point was classified as to species and whether it was leaf, petiole, fiower or seed pod.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Botanical Composition of Oesophageal Extrusa Samples. 1. A Modified Microscope Point Technique

Hamilton¹,

Hall

1975

Grass and Forage Science

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Extrusa samples were collected from oesophageally fistulated sheep that had been fed mixtures of known proportions of a legume and a grass. The botanical eomposition of these samples was estimated by two microscope point techniques. When estimates were made by recording hits on eaeh species the legume content of the ingesta was eonsistently underestimated by up to 23%. Much of this underestimate was attributed to the weight per unit area of the leaves of the legume being approximately twice that of the grass leaves. When the microscope hits were adjusted for the weight per unit area of each of the plant components (leaves, petioles, flowers and seed pods) the relationship between the estimated and actual legume consumed was improved, the greatest ditferenee between aetual and estimated legume being approximately 5%.

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Botanical Examination of Forage from Esophageal Fistulas in Cattle

Cited by 31 publications

References 3 publications

Composição química de forrageiras e seletividade de bovinos em bosque-de-sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) nos períodos chuvoso e seco

Composição química de forrageiras e seletividade de bovinos em bosque-de-sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) nos períodos chuvoso e seco

Clearcutting Brazilian caatinga: assessment of a traditional forest grazing management practice

Estimation of the Botanical Composition of Oesophageal Extrusa Samples. 1. A Modified Microscope Point Technique

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